PL ex* cal. 45. UMBELLIFERiE. 306. Apium. 525 
Cultivated in dry ground; biennial; August. 
Hoot , stem, and petioles, blanched by being kept covered 
from the sun, sweet, esculent in cold salads or as a potherb, 
wholesome. 
XLII. 307. FCENICULUM. Pliny. Fennel. 
Involucrum 0 ; involucella 0 ; calyx 0 ; petals nearly equal, 
involute, keeled; lacinule blunt, nicked, long; stigmata 
sessile ; fruit oblong, gibbous; akenium ovate, oblong, 5 -j li- 
gated, jugae blunt, ribbed; vallecules 4, veiled, convex, 
1- vittated; latuscule contracted ; spermapodium bristlelike, 
2- par ted. 
Fceniculum vulgaris. Common fennel. 
Leaves decompound ; lobes hairlike ; stem-leaves de- 
flected. 
Fceniculum vulgare, Raii Syn. 217, 1; Ger. em % 1032, 1 ; Park. 884; 
Gccrtn . Fr. et Sent. 1, 105. 
Anethum Fceniculum, Lin. S. P. 377. 
Ligusticum Fceniculum, Stokes Bot. Mat. Med. 2, 100. 
Fenckell. 
Chalk-cliffs ; biennial ; July and August. 
Stem upright, much branched ; leaves tripinnate, leaflets 
bristlelike, dark green, hanging down ; umlells flat, m any- 
rayed. — Herb used as sauce, carminative. 
XLIIL 308. SMYRNIUM. Dioscorides. Alexanders. 
Involucrum 0 ; involucella 0 ; calyx slightly toothed ; pe- 
tals equal, lanceolate, apex pointed, inflected ; stylopodium 
depressed ; fruit ovate, roundish, gibbous ; akenium round- 
ish, semilunate, 5-ribbed ; ribs acute, very slightly winged ; 
vallecules wrinkled ; commissures very slender; spermapo- 
dium bristlelike; perisperm involute. 
Smyrnium vulgare. Common alexanders. 
Lower leaves triternate ; upper leaves ternate, petioled ; 
leaflets deeply serrated. 
Smyrnium, Raii Syn. 208, 1. 
Hipposelinum, Ger. em. 1019. 
Hipposelinum sive Smyrnium vulgare, Park. 930. 
Smyrnium Olusatrum, Lin. S. P. 379. 
Old walls and rocks ; biennial ; May. 
Root fleshy; stem branchy; leaves shining, pale green, 
bald ; petioles dilated, bellied ; umlells globular, m any- 
rayed ; fruit large, black.™ Root and herb carminative, 
stomachic. 
