PLex.thaL 77. POLYGALEZE. 415. Polygala. 667 
Fam. XII. 77. POLY GALEAE. Jussieu. 
Calyx 5-sepaled ; aestivation imbricate ; side-lobes often 
largest, petaloid ; petals 3 or 5, joined by the androphore, 
rarely distinct; stamens 8, hypogynous; filaments connate 
below into a tubular androphore; anthers 1-celled, inserted 
at the base, opening by a pore at top ; ovary simple, two- 
celled; ovule solitary, pendulous; style 1; stigma often 
2- lipped ; pericarp mostly capsular, 2-celled, 2-valved ; 
valves septiferous in the middle; seed pendulous; hilum 
strophiolate or comose ; corculum axile; perisperm fleshy. 
— Stem herbaceous or shrubby, mostly bald ; leaves simple, 
not cut, alternate; stipules 0; flowers spiked, terminal. 
415. POLYGALA. Dioscorides. Milk-wort . 
Calyx 5-parted, coloured ; 2 side-lobes largest, wing- 
shaped; corolla-lower-Up bearded beneath. 
1 . Poly gala vulgaris . Common milk-wort . 
Leaves linear, lanceolate, acute ; calyx-wings ovate, 
3- ribbed, as long as the corolla. 
Polygala, Rail Syn. 287,* 1 ; Ger. ere. 564, 3, 4, and 5. 
Polygala minor, Park. 1332. 
Polygala vulgaris, Lin. S. P. 986. 
Procession flower. Rogation flower. Hedge hyssop , Herb women. 
Fields and pastures ; perennial; June and July. 
Roots woody; stem simple, trailing ; leaves bald \ flowers 
purple, red or white. 
2. Poly gala amara. Bitter milk-wort. 
Leaves blunt; upper leaves linear, lanceolate; radical 
reverse ovate; calyx-wings ovate, 3-ribbed, blunt, longer 
than the corolla. 
Polygala amara, Willd. S. P. 
Pastures and heaths ; perennial; June and July. 
Root woody; stem upright; flowers purple, flesh-colour, 
or white. 
Fam. XIII. 78. VIOLACEiE. De Candol. Violce , Jussieu. 
Calyx 5-parted ; petals 5, hypogynous, unequal, one ge- 
nerally spurred ; stamens 5, hypogynous ; anthers often 
coalescent; ovary 1, free; style 1 ; capsule 1-celled, 3-valved, 
many-seeded; valves septiferous in the middle; perisperm 
thin, fleshy; corculum straight. — Stem herbaceous; leaves 
alternate, stipuled; flowers solitary, blue or yellow; au- 
tumnal flowers often apetalous. 
