[ *J4 1 
XVI. A Letter from Mr* Turbevil Needham, 
to the President:, concerning certain 
chalky tubulous Concretions , called Malm : 
With fome Microfcopical Observations on the 
Farina of the Red Lily, and of Worms dif- 
covered in Smutty Corn. 
SIR, 
Read Dec. zi- r “|'~^FIough you defired me, when I had 
, 7 +3* . the Satisfaction of waiting upon 
you at London fome Weeks ago, to commit to Wri- 
ting the Obfervations I had made upon that chalky, 
alkalizate Subftance, which they here apply to Manure, 
and call Malm ; yet I purpofely deferred complying 
with my Engagement, till a Review of fome Parti- 
culars, which 1 had before obferved but (lightly , as 
well as fome additional Remarks, which I have fince 
made, fhould enable me to give in a more fatisfa&ory 
Account, than I could engage to do at that time . 
This Bed of Malm lies in a Valley, at the Foot of a 
long Ridge of chalky Downs ; extends from Win- 
chejler , where it begins, as I have been informed, 
almofl due South, about Four meafured Miles 5 the 
Breadth not above a Quarter of a Mile ; and Depth, 
at a mean Computation, about Five Foot. It is uied 
jn Manure for the fame Purpofes as Chalk is, but an- 
fwers, the Intent much better. It rifes up in one con- 
tinued Bed, almofl to the Surface ; where a thin Layer 
£>f common Earth but juft hides it in all Places, where 
> v con- 
