234 
The Illustrated Book of Plgeons. 
of wattle appearing to absorb the substance of the beak. Hence, much as we admire a heavy 
jew-wattle by itself, and as improving the shortness of face, on the whole we prefer a smaller 
amount, consisting only of three small divisions resembling pimples, which we will show 
by-and-by. Still, with all this, the heavily-jewed birds are so valuable as well as so scarce 
that we would not have them disparaged. From them come some of the very best specimens, 
Fig. 49. Old Dun Cock. Fig. 50. 
and they are especially valuable for breeding hens of the proper shape and character of beak. 
It is a singular fact that breeding for extra large eye-wattles almost always produces, before 
very long, beaks too fine and long in front of the wattle, especially in hens ; and to counteract 
this there is nothing like a cross with a heavily-jewed bird, which seems to restore both short- 
ness and substance at once, and also the masculine appearance, since, without some stoutness of 
beak and some moderate jew-wattle, the best bird looks more like a hen than a cock. 
Fig. 51. Young Black Cock. Fig. 52. 
Finally, as regards the shape of the head, though we have already conveyed that there should 
be a clear space between eye and beak-wattles, the whole should be so combined that the entire 
“ face,” measured from centre of the eye to point of beak, be as short as possible, with no per- 
ceptible indentation or “stop” in the forehead, but the whole front of the head and upper mandible 
forming a kind of unbroken arch, or curve, into which the beak itself naturally falls, and thus 
terminates it. Having now described it point by point, we give in Figs. 49 and 50 two views of such 
a head, drawn very carefully from an old Dun cock, perhaps the best we have ever seen. These 
views are not in the slightest degree exaggerated as regards appearance, though we have found 
