April, 1921 
FOREST AND STREAM 
183 
Gravel and sand beaches have been 
submerged and many trees have been 
killed, particularly in the vicinity of the 
inlet and the outlet. A low-lying island, 
which formerly added to the pleasing 
irregularity of the lake, is now within 
a few feet of complete submersion, and 
is bordered with a bedraggled tangle of 
drowned bushes. 
W INDFALL POND, a small body 
of water not far from Moss 
Lake has been claimed by the 
beaver as their heritage. Two dams 
have been built there, and the water 
level raised to such an extent that trees 
have been killed all around the shores. 
There are huge brown trout in Windfall 
and once in a long time some of them 
used to be caught. Now their existence 
has become almost legendary, the fallen 
timber and flooded shores rendering the 
place almost impossible to fish. 
At Windfall the beaver have con- 
ducted regular lumbering operations, 
going several hundred feet back on the 
steep slopes of the bordering mountains 
to find trees which suited their taste. 
To facilitate the passage of this remote 
timber to the pond they cut out long 
runways from the shore to their cut- 
tings, nipping every sapling close to the 
roots and providing a route which, after 
a few logs have traversed it, becomes 
almost a trough. 
Eighth Lake, the most beautiful sheet 
of water in the Fulton Chain and ex- 
empt from camps or permanent struc- 
tures of any kind by virtue of state 
ownership, has become bedraggled and 
unkempt as the result of beavers’ activ- 
ities. Its outlet, which flows through 
swampy lowlands, has been dammed a 
short distance from the lake, and what 
once was lowland has become drowned 
land, its trees, many of them stately 
giants, standing stark and leafless. The 
whole shoreline has suffered from the 
dam, the water being raised even at the 
extreme upper end of the lake, so as to 
flood an ice-cold spring which once 
bubbled near the margin for the relief 
of parched travellers. 
Such conditions are becoming wide- 
spread as the beaver extend their lines 
and increase their numbers year by 
year. In August, 1919, the Conserva- 
tion Commission resolved to find out for 
itself whether the beaver was a blessing 
or an evil in the Adirondacks, and in- 
structed every forest ranger to report 
on the number of dams in his district 
and the damage wrought. It was found 
to be impossible for them to make a 
complete census of the beaver. There 
were too many beaver and not enough 
forest rangers. The Conservation Com- 
mission estimates that their reports 
probably were not more than fifty per 
cent, complete. 
Nevertheless, in a region which had 
been utterly barren of beaver fifteen 
years before, the rangers counted 587 
dams which had flooded 8.681 acres, 
drowning timber valued at $51-425. 
Two-thirds of the flooded area was land 
owned by the state and seven-eighths of 
the timber killed was on state land. 
The reports showed that the beaver 
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