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specimens. In Pottia riparia (Aust. Musci App No. 112) the leaves are 
rounded, blunt at apex, like Trichostomum Warnstorfii, but slightly more 
serrate ; Leptodontium Canadense Kind, has the leaves still more sharply ser- 
rate and the apex more acute: and in specimens collected by R. S. Williams, 
in the river below Bashbish Falls, the leaves are narrowly lanceolate, 2 mm. 
long and only y 2 mm. wide and the serrations are few and very small, the 
vein also is serrate on the back at apex. These differences are of degree, 
however, not of kind, and seem hardly specific, as the branched paraphyses 
and multiform gemmae are present in all, and although there are slight 
differences in the shape of the gemmae, all the other characters are so much 
alike that unless some difference in the capsules were found it is more than 
probable that they are the same species. 
Prof. Max Fleischer has described and figured a new species from Java 
as Hyophila Dozy-MolkenboeriY\. (Die Musci d. Flora v. Buit. 1: 329 fig. 
57. 1904) in which there are also polymorphous gemmae borne on the ends of 
the paraphyses. It grows on stones and earth on walls and roadsides in 
Java, Sumatra, and Japan ? and Nepal ? 
New York Botanical Garden. 
LICHENS— STEREOCAULON, PILOPHORUS AND THAMNOLIA. 
Carolyn W. Harris. 
Stereocaulon is a genus represented by a number of species, a few of 
which are quite common. The specimens are often very handsome, with 
their fruticulose, granulated podetia and numerous dark brown apothecia. 
This genus belongs to the same family as the Cladonias, and resembles 
that genus in having a secondary thallus composed of stalk-like elevations 
called podetia. The primary thallus is deficient so that only a close observer 
will distinguish it. The secondary thallus is not hollow as in Cladonia, but 
is composed of arachnoid filaments of hypae, covered with a cartilaginous 
cortical layer on which are borne the gray branch-like granules known as 
phyllocladia. The podetia, especially in infertile specimens, are often cov- 
ered with whitish soredia; these become squamose or pass into coral-like 
branchlets. The apothecia are usually numerous, in some species crowded, 
either terminal or lateral on the podetia; disk convex, becoming globose, dark 
reddish brown or nearly black. 
The species of Stereocaulon are found largely in mountainous regions 
either on sandy earth or on rocks. Their distribution is very general, being 
found throughout the world in the mountains; most of the species are found 
in North America. 
When dry they are very brittle, but as they do not cling closely to the 
substratum can be collected at any time. 
Stereocaulon coralloides Fr. The primary thallus, which is composed 
of coarse granules, soon disappears, and is usually not found in fully devel- 
oped specimens. The podetia — or secondary thallus— are short, united at 
the base and are much branched toward the top. The branches are 
densely covered with coarse, light gray granules. 
