120 
FARREA OCCA SCUTELLA. 
They resemble portions of wine-glasses with stems. To this the name of 
the new variety refers. 
Shape and size. From an extensive basal plate, which at one time was 
obviously attached to something hard on the sea-bottom, a short stem arises, 
which spreads out above to form a thin, curved, lamellar body (Plate 26, figs. 
16-21). One of the specimens has two basal plates and two stems (Plate 26, 
figs. 18, 19). This is probably the product of a concrescence of two specimens, 
originally distinct, which grew side by side. 
The basal plate measures 5-17 mm. in maximum transverse diameter, is 
1-2 mm. thick near the middle, and thins out towards the somewhat irregular 
lobose margin. The stem is 4-7 mm. broad and 2-3 mm. high. It consists of a 
vertical curved lamella, about 1 mm. thick, which appears as a portion of the 
wall of an upright cylindrical tube cut through longitudinally or obliquely. 
Above it is generally curved outward and abruptly extended into the lamella 
which forms the body proper of the sponge. This lamella is elegantly curved 
in a cylindroid or saddle-shaped manner and at the base, where it arises from the 
stem, is about 1 mm. thick. Towards the margin it gradually thins out. In all 
the specimens this lamella is more or less fragmentary. In the largest it is 19 
mm. long and 18 mm. broad, measured along the chord. 
The colour in spirit is light brown. 
The skeleton consists of a network and loose hexactines, pentactines, 
uncinates, oxyhexasters, clavules with large teeth, and clavules with small 
teeth. 
The skeleton-net (Plate 25 , figs. 25, 27-29; Plate 26, figs. 8-14, 16-21) 
pervades all parts of the sponge. On the lower side of the basal plate (Plate 26, 
figs. 10, 11) it is very dense and consists of smooth beams, 8-20 n thick, which 
enclose round meshes 10-40 ^ in diameter, so that this part of it appears as a 
perforated plate. On the upper side of the basal plate and in the stem (Plate 26, 
figs. 12, 13) it is composed of more or less spiny beams, 6-35 n thick, which 
enclose irregular, square, or triangular meshes 30-180 n wide. In this region 
numerous small hexactines are attached to the beams of the network (Plate 25, 
figs. 25, 27-29; Plate 26, figs. 12, 13) with one thickened ray. These attached 
tree-like hexactines are 75-135 n high. In some places other similar hexactines 
are soldered to these attached ones, whereby rudiments of a slender secondary 
network are here and there formed. In the proximal part of the lamellar body 
proper of the sponge the skeleton-net consists of an inner, regular layer with 
square, rectangular meshes (Plate 26, fig. 17), and an outer, irregular layer, with 
