312 
HYALONEMA (OONEMA) BIANCHORATUM PINULINA. 
Pinules 
Length of distal ray 
M 
Thickness 
of the thin- 
nest part of 
the distal 
ray near its 
base ix 
limits 
Maximum 
thickness of 
the distal 
ray to- 
gether with 
the spines 
ii limits 
Length of the lateral rays 
M 
limits 
average 
limits 
average 
of 
specimen 
a 
gastral 
165-265 
219.5 
9 - 10.5 
20-26 
35-53 
43.1 
dermal 
from the 
upper and 
middle- 
parts of 
the body 
170-250 
211.2 
7-10 
21-23 
30-50 
38.7 
from the 
basal part 
of the 
body 
130-330 
234.5 
9.17 
30-65 
40-80 
56 
of 
specimen 
b 
gastral 
120-280 
214.2 
7 . 5-11 
17-33 
28-52 
37.5 
dermal 
from the 
upper and 
middle- 
parts of 
the body 
180-266 
217.9 
8-10 
20-26 
32-60 
40.1 
from the 
basal part 
of the 
body 
150-305 
240.7 
10-16 
35-65 
35-62 
48.5 
end-parts, bears rather strongly inclined spines, which are slightly curved, 
concave to the ray. These spines attain their largest size at, or some distance 
above, the middle of the ray. Here the distal ray, together with the spines, 
attains a maximum thickness of 17-33 p. The lateral rays of the same spicule 
are usually equal, 28-60 n long, straight, cylindroconical, abruptly and bluntly 
pointed. They are smooth in their proximal part, and in their distal part are 
covered with rather sparse broad spines, usually up to about 1 m long. Some- 
times one ray is reduced in length, nearly cylindrical, and terminally rounded. 
Of hexactine forms (with a proximal ray) I have found (and measured) six, four 
of which were found among the gastral pinules of specimen a. The proximal 
ray is conical, pointed, covered with spines in its distal part, and 10-40 n long. 
The basal dermal pinules (Plate 82 , figs. 21, 23-28, 34) are, like those above 
described, nearly always pentactine, very rarely hexactine. Their distal ray 
is straight, 130-330 p long, and spineless in its proximal part. It ends in a 
likewise spineless terminal cone. In these pinules the smooth proximal part is 
