Chapter 3 
Cigarette Paper With increasing permeability, porous cigarette papers significantly 
reduce tar, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides but not low-molecular- 
weight gas phase components in the smokestream. Perforated cigarette 
paper also significantly reduces hydrogen cyanide, whereas nicotine 
reduction is less (National Cancer Institute, 1977) (Figure 5). In a recent 
study it was found that porous cigarette paper reduces not only smoke yields 
of carbon monoxide and tar but also of volatile nitrosamines, TSNAs, and 
benzo(fl)pyrene (BaP) (Brunnemann et al., 1994). However, the reduction 
Figure 5 
Percentage change in smoke yield and composition with perforated, 0.5 percent 
citrate paper 
Key: NO = nitrogen oxide; CO = carbon monoxide. 
Source: Owens, 1978. 
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