;| Chapter 6 
Table 1 
Standardized mortality ratios for men in Cancer Prevention Study I for total 
mortality, lung cancer, and coronary heart disease (CHD) by tar and nicotine 
intake 
Tar and Nicotine Intake 
Deaths 
High" 
Medium‘s 
Low*^ 
Total Deaths 
1960-1966 
1.00 
0.90 
0.88 
1967-1972 
1.00 
0.98 
0.81 
Lung Cancer 
1960-1966 
1.00 
0.96 
0.83 
1967-1972 
1.00 
0.94 
0.79 
CHD 
1960-1966 
1.00 
0.91 
0.93 
1967-1972 
1.00 
1.03 
0.82 
® High = 2.0 to 2.7 mg nicotine and 25.8 to 35. 7 mg tar. 
Medium = intermediate. 
Low = <1.2 mg nicotine and tar generally <17.6 mg. 
Source: Hammond et al., 1976. 
Table 2 
Adjusted odds ratios and 95-percent confidence intervals for males in the 
American Health Foundation case-control study, by level of filter smoking 
Pattern of Smoking 
Tumor Type 
Kreyberg 1 
Kreyberg II 
Odds 
Ratio 
95% 
Confidence 
Interval 
Odds 
Ratio 
95% 
Confidence 
Interval 
Nonfilter Only 
1.00 
1.00 
— 
Switchers (1-9 years) 
0.83 
0.59-1.17 
0.96 
0.61 - 1.51 
Switchers (10-t- years) 
0.66 
0.49 - 0.90 
0.79 
0.53 - 1.18 
Filter Only 
0.69 
0.37 - 1 .27 
0.87 
0.43 - 1 .54 
Source: Wynder and Kabat, 1988. 
A multicenter case-control study conducted in Europe during the late 
1970's also provided information on cigarette type and lung cancer risk 
(Lubin et al., 1984). In this study, risk for lung cancer increased progressively 
! in both males and females as the proportion of filter use declined from 
I 100 percent. Findings were similar in a case-control study that was 
conducted in New Mexico from 1980 through 1983, although a linear 
81 
