Chapter 1 1 
QUESTION- AND-ANSWER SESSION 
DR. HOFFMANN: How did you cover half of the ventilation holes? 
DR. ZACNY: We did not tape half of the cigarette. We put little pieces of 
square tape all the way around it, so that approximately half the holes were 
unblocked. 
DR. HARRIS: Why is it that it is not how big a puff they took once it was in 
their mouths, but how deeply they drag that puff into the lungs? 
DR. STITZER: I think the explanation is that the dose of nicotine that is 
drawn in with the puff is the critical determinant. The amount of air that is 
breathed in along with it, which is what determines the depth, is how much 
additional volume of air was breathed in with the smoke. That does not 
seem to be relevant with nicotine. 
DR. ZACNY: Even with a shallow inhalation, the surface volume of the lungs 
is pretty huge. 
DR. HARRIS: I understand. It is all in that 1.8-second drag on the cigarette. 
DR. STITZER: Yes. 
DR. HARRIS: Once the smoke is in your mouth, then you can jump up and 
down; it does not matter. 
DR. STITZER: No, once it is in your lungs. Once you have made that 
inhalation maneuver, because if you just hold it in your mouth, that was 
the zero inhalation condition. 
DR. HARRIS: So, as long as you inhale it, it does not matter how much air 
goes in with it. 
DR. RICKERT: One important point is that you haven't looked at tar. Tar 
may react differently. Depth of inhalation and volume of inhalation might 
be more important. Deposition of tar is not nearly as efficient as for water- 
soluble vapors and gases. In one of the documents that we received from 
the tobacco industry, there is a study that has been cited by Stitzer, which 
says that, on 1,631 cigarette butts, only .1 percent were completely blocked. 
.The information that you have provided today suggests that it is somewhere 
between 53 and 58 percent. What is the reason for the discrepancy? 
DR. ZACNY: The reason for the discrepancy is that those 1,600 butts are 
from only 10 subjects. We had them smoke the ultralow cigarettes for a 
week and save the butts. We then analyzed the stain patterns. 
We were looking at the acute effects of smoking these ultralow cigarettes 
in the field, and there may be a lower incidence of blocking than what you 
see when Lynn Kozlowski does his cross-sectional studies — when people have 
been normally smoking these cigarettes for a long time. Plus, our data were 
from only 10 subjects. 
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