Section II 
cigarette is so much greater risk than smoking none that it will be impossible 
to quantitate it, and 1 think that should be communicated. But at the same 
time, even if there is a small difference in exposure from high- to low-yield 
cigarettes, if you are talking about a huge population of smokers, it is 
worthwhile to encourage as many possible to get as low a yield as possible, 
even though it is not going to have nearly the effect of stopping smoking. 
It still is of some benefit. So, 1 think we should warn people that switching 
to low-yield cigarettes is not going to remove the risk of smoking, but still 
try to encourage that somehow people do that. 
DR. DEBETHIZY: Dr. Benowitz, you are raising an important issue. It is that 
whatever change that gets recommended here today to the FTC, it is going to 
require some research and some study to make sure that some unintended 
things do not occur. For instance, if ranges were recommended, and put 
on in advertising, would that have the effect of discouraging people from 
switching down? As a scientist, 1 think it is important for us to understand 
the ramifications, and 1 am assuming that this is just the start of a process, 
that recommendations will be made, and that the FTC will consider those 
using research techniques. 
DR. FREEMAN: Yes, Dr. Shiftman? 
DR. SHIFFMAN: Just to proceed on the point that Dr. Hughes and 
Dr. Benowitz made, we have said a couple of times that the idea of educating 
smokers is very important. 1 think educating them not only about these 
numbers or ranges but also about the comparative benefit of not smoking 
at all vs. lowering the received yield is an important part, and 1 think it 
deserves some discussion, though perhaps not here, about the degree to 
which that can be done in this sort of labeling rating system or whether, 
in fact, we need other media as well. There is limited information we are 
going to get on a pack or in an ad, but 1 think there is a responsibility to 
educate smokers so that they do make those informed choices. 
DR. FREEMAN: Dr. Woosley? 
DR. WOOSLEY: 1 agree slightly with the representative from the tobacco 
industry that we have to make sure there are no adverse consequences from 
anything that we try to do in a meaningful way, and one of the most serious 
concerns 1 have is that we do not want to give a false impression about 
health risks. 1 think one of the most disturbing pieces of data that I saw 
yesterday was the indication that people who were on the ultralows had 
a lower cessation rate, and 1 am concerned that potential means that the 
recommendations that come out of this panel may encourage people to go 
to low yield instead of stopping smoking, and 1 think that overall will be 
a terribly adverse health risk or adverse effect on the overall health of the 
Nation. 
DR. FREEMAN: Yes, Mr. Peeler? 
MR. PEELER: In line with that discussion 1 just wanted to throw out two 
pieces of information for the panel's consideration. The first is from the time 
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