8 
LECTURE ON CLIMATE. 
Mean maximum heat of winter 75 
Mean temperature 61 T 
Mean greatest diurnal range 39*2 
Mean diurnal range 27*2 
Mean maximum heat of year 80*6 
Mean temperature of year 68*7 
Mean greatest diurnal range 34*7 
Mean diurnal range 24*1 
The temperature of the year, then, as thus 
carefully ascertained we see is 68*7 ; almost ex- 
actly the same as that of Funchal, in the islan 1 
of Madeira, which we have seen to be 68*5 ; and 
which place, as already stated, is in the cor- 
responding ivsothermal belt of the northern he- 
misphere : being classed amongst the insular or 
constant climates, and of world-wide repute for 
the salubrity of its climate. 
But while I unexpectedly find this almost exact 
coincidence of mean temperature, between Bris- 
bane and Funchal, still I must notice that the 
range of temperature, both in summer and win- 
ter, is several degrees greater here than in Ma- 
deira ; the summer here being a little hotter, and 
the winter colder. I shall add such particulars 
of Australian climate as I am able to obtain, par- 
ticularly the rain-fall of this place, in a tabular 
form, which will be more useful for reference. 
And now, in reply to those who have asked 
what is the practical use of this study of meteor- 
ology? and in conclusion, I would reply in the 
words of Lieut. Maury, whose works have been 
already quoted, where, having in his “ Physical 
Geography of the Sea” described the “ more than 
a thousand navigators, engaged day and night, 
and in all parts of the ocean, in making and re- 
cording observations according to a uniform plan,” 
and resulting in the saving of much time and 
money to shipowners, goes on to say, “ But these 
meteorological observations, which this extensive 
and admirable system includes, will relate only 
to the sea, this is not enough. The plan should 
include the land also, and be universal. Other 
great interests of society are to be benefitted by 
such extension, no less than commerce and navi- 
gation have been. A series of systematic obser- 
vations, directed over large districts of country, 
nay, over continents, to the improvement of agri- 
cultural and sanitory meteorology, would, I have 
no doubt, tend to a development of many in- 
teresting, important, and valuable results. 
The Agricultural Societies of many States of 
the Union have addressed memorials to the 
American Congress, asking for such extension, 
and it is hoped that that enlightened body will 
not fail favourably to respond. This plan con- 
templates the co-operation of all the States of 
Christendom, at least as far as the form, 
method, subjects of observation, time of 
making them, and the interchange of results 
are concerned. 1 hope that my fellow citizens 
will not fail to second and co-operate in such a 
humane, wise, and noble scheme. 
The Secretary of the Navy, taking the en- 
larged and enlightened views which do honor 
to great statesmen, has officially recommended 
the adoption of such a system, and the Presi- 
dent has asked the favourable consideration 
thereof by Congress. 
These researches for the land look not only 
to the advancement of the great interests of 
sanitary and agricultural meteorology, but 
they involve also a study of the laws which 
regulate the atmosphere, and a careful investi- 
gation of all its phenomena. 5 ’ 
Mean Temperature of Year and Bain Fall at 
THE VARIOUS AUSTRALASIAN STATIONS AND AT OTHER 
Countries. 
cS O 
g <L> 
O) l 
£ p/ 
s a 
£ « 
Brisbane (Queensland)... 
Port Macquarie (N.S.W.) 
York (Western Australia) 
Perth do. 
Parramatta (N.S.W.) ... 
Sydney do. 
Launceston (V. D. Land) 
Hobart Town do. ... 
London 50*4 
Paris 
g 
& 
Q a 
Z* 
fzi 
Inches. 
68*7 
43 
108 
63*5 
71 
... 
65*3 
25 
... 
65*2 
... 
... 
61*1 
... 
... 
61*1 
49 
146 
64*9 
20 
57*6 
29 
... 
53*2 
32 
... 
53*3 
20 
... 
50*4 
23 
51 
24 
53*8 
54-9 
... 
68*5 
... 
70 
36 
... 
1 am indebted for some of the above figures to 
a paper on climate (by W, S. Jevons) in Waugh’s 
Almanac, 1859. 
