fully, bearing as it does with much weight upon j' 
tire most interesting and momentous quest ion, |j 
“ The speedy and adequate colonization of |j 
Queensland,” By the term colonization is here ji 
meant the settling down in peace and plenty as jj 
large a number of our own countrymen as our 
spacious, salubrious, and magnificent territory j 
will permit. There are still persons to be found 
who would fain persuade us that Queensland is ji 
fully colonized, when there is an abundant sup- i 
ply of shepherds to tend their hocks. It is in I 
perfect harmony with the nature of things mu- | 
tually similar, that this essentially narrow and fj 
selfish idea should be found in amicable fellow- 
ship with another one, equally disreputable, tj‘z., I 
that in Queensland, agriculture will not pay. j 
What a libel on the fertility of our soil, and the 
healthfulness of our climate 1 Truly, the advance- j ! 
ment of propositions so monstrous, clearly shews J 
how personal interest can- disturb and enfeeble j 
an otherwise vigorous mental perception. 
No one, in his heart, can question that it is j 
the intention of Providence that every serviceable 
part of the globe should be the dwelling of man. 
Transferred to Queensland, both capital and la- 
bour would be help-mates, not rivals, and would 
both be most amply rewarded. Our great pri- 
mary want is population. We require a number 
of people, a ilow of persons, old and young, rich 
and' poor ; an even, continuous, influx ol human 
beings to our colony ; in short, a diversion of the 
stream of emigration flowing from the United 
Kingdom to the United States, to Queensland. 
It is hoped that none will understand the above 
remarks to include in an}’ form even a secret 
wish for tire labour of a degraded and opposite 
race of coolies. We may welcome the capitalist, 
but common sense should load us to aeeorcl a 
welcome equally hearty to the labouring man and 
his family, without whose co-operation the mere 
c ipitalist is utterly powerless. Labour does pro- 
duce capital, it is "the creator of capital, but mere 
capital can produce noth mg. It is sometimes 
said that we do not want emigrants who have 
o dy their health and strength, so much as we 
want moneyed men. This is not true, and never 
will be true. Give us the men, women and 
children, and capital will soon follow, if not ac- 
tually accompany them. 
The unparalleled rapidity of the progress of the 
United States is not attributable to live settle- 
ment. there of rich men, or even of men of moder- j 
ate means. On the contrary, it is unquestionably 
owing to the immigration of poor people, who 
had no alternative but to cut down the forest, 
hold themselves the plough, and compel from the 
land a livelihood. The progress of Australia is 
in distressing contrast. Australia seems to have 
been selected as the licensed ground on which 
any theorist could play his sill} game. The re- 
sult has been that the Australian colonics bare 
just crawled along, while the United States have i 
positively leaped into high national estimate and 
digniy. Sydney, Adelaide, Melbourne, are 
names which represent the colonies of which they 
are the metropolitan cities, in a more injuriously 
comprehensive sense that does London for king- 
land, or New York for the United States. What 
has made this difference in the United States ? 
This- one fact : that from the beginning of their 
history, agriculture has never been degraded from 
her true position aa the basis of every other na- 
tional interest. Every facility has been offered. 
Land lias been cheap, no squatting monopolies 
were allowed even to draw a first breath, land 
has been readily and cheaply procurable, and as 
a natural and harmonious consequence, while 
Canada was standing still, and while New South 
Wales was and is standing still, great and almost 
unmanageable masses of human beings have 
shoaled over to where they were intelligently ap- 
preciated, have spread themselves silently all over 
the land as freeholders and have made the coun- 
try which adopted this generous and wise policy, 
a country of wine and oil, of superabundant 
plenty •• among the nations of the earth* the in- 
fant Hercules. 
If we really desire our colony to press forward 
in the race of progress, we shall be prepared to 
give every assistance to the rise of an agricultural 
interest in Queensland. The most immediately 
practical and pacific method we can adopt is by 
tlie cultivation of cotton, grown, as before observ- 
ed, mostly on the coast ; the bale of wool will not 
have to look with jealousy upon the bale of cot- 
ton. There need be no jostling or animosity of 
an v kind. Grown by a numerous class of pro- 
prietors of small farms, of not more than 100 acres 
each, the labour performed by themselves and 
their families, cotton would be produced more 
cheaply and permanently than under any other 
sy stein. It is perhaps open to discussion whether 
the Government, besides throwing open land 
suitable for the purpose at five shillings per acre, 
and plenty of it, might not assist the cotton grow- 
ing interest in its infancy by offering a premium 
upon every bale grown for the first and second 
years. 1 1 is not that tlie commercial interests of 
the colony would thus receive a magical impulse, 
but that our social and political interests would 
be established on broad and enduring founda- 
tions, by the creation of that middle class Au- 
stralia lias never seemed to care much about, but 
the non-existence of which is now justly deplored 
as a grave and pregnant evil. The heated fever- 
ishness which is chronic amongst a gold-digging 
country, we should be happily free from. Mo- 
derate, reasonable expectations, to be realised from 
steady, persevering industry, would characterise 
the great bulk of our population. In such a state 
of things, we may hope for progress in matters of 
higher importance than any considerations of 
mere political economy. Religiousness, public 
spirit and virtue, the arts and sciences, would. 
