Page 1 of Attachment D 
INTRODUCTION 
The public debate over genetic engineering has focused on the possible 
hazards of gentically codified microorganisms, potential health hazards 
to workers involved with industrial application of recombinant DNA tech- 
niques, and the utilitarian prospects of such technology. Several risk 
assessment programs designed to investigate some of the characteristics 
of proposed host-vector systems which might effect hazard potential have 
been conducted by interested scientists. Likewise, the benefits from 
recombinant DNA technology are being as vigorously promoted. The National 
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is responsible for 
Conducting research, recommending occupational safety and health standards, 
providing technical assistance to workers and employers, and conducting 
training and educational programs. NIOSH* s responsibility extends to 
both existing and emerging technologies which might impact on worker 
health and safety. Thus, NIOSH is evaluating the potential occupational 
hazards involved with recombinant DNA technology. 
This research effort was prompted by the anticipated surge of recombinant 
DNA techniques in various industrial processes. Genetic engineering tech- 
nology may be utilized in various manufacturing processes in the areas of 
agriculture, organic chemicals, energy, food processing, and pharmaceuticals. 
This potential growth and the possibility of uncharacterized occupational 
exposures indicate the necessity for careful evaluation of health risks. 
NIOSH is accustomed to examining new technologies for potential occupa- 
tional hazards and developing recommendations for safeguarding the worker's 
health. Implementation of safeguards and protective engineering controls 
early in the growth of an industry can minimize human suffering and avoid 
expensive, retrofitting of production systems. 
Under the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, Public Law 91-S96, 
’NIOSH was mandated and authorized to conduct research and health studies 
Specifically, section 20(a) 7 states that NIOSH shall conduct and publish 
industry-wide studies of the effects of chronic or low level exposure t_ 
industrial materials, processes, and stresses on the potential for illn , 
disease, or loss of functional capacity. Thus, this research is pursuant 
to the development of health standards applicable to a broad range of 
Occupational environments. In compliance with this mandate, the Industry- 
wide Studies Branch of the Division of Surveillance,. Hazard Evaluations 
and Field Studies is conducting a research study to assess the potential 
occupational hazards in research and the commercial application of recom- 
binant DNA technology. 
In order to analyte the current technology for potential occupational haz- 
ards, NIOSH plans to conduct several walk-through surveys of recombinant 
DNA processes and associated industries. Identification of potential haz- 
ards, with recommendations to minimize worker exposure, will be derived 
from the information gained during these surveys. 
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