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human beings are on the threshold of understanding how the 
fundamental machinery of life works. This expression, in 
their view, is not criticism but a recognition of the potential 
power of genetic engineering. 
The phrase "playing God" can also reflect the view that 
scientists are abusing their knowledge by intefering with nature 
and altering existing organisms by adding a new characteristic. 
This is sometimes expressed as an "arrogant interference with 
nature . " 
In the report from the President's Commission for the 
Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and 
Behavorial Research released in November, 1982, none of the 
religious scholars reporting to the Commission, "suggested that 
either natural reason or revelation imply that gene splicing 
technology is unnatural in this prescriptive sense." All 
emphasized that human beings have the duty to use their knowledge 
in improving the human condition. According to these religious 
scholars, not to explore the potentials of genetic engineering 
would be unethical. 
On the other hand, other clergy have adopted a 
resolution urging scientists to cease experimentation to alter 
human heredity. These religious leaders were not addressing the 
issue of altering genes to treat a specific congenital ailment, 
such as sickle-cell anemia. This type of gene therapy alters 
somatic cells only. Rather, the statement adopted by this group 
of religious leaders specifically objected to the alteration of 
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