12 
cited a report she had submitted, prepared for the Commission of the European 
Oommunities, entitled "Hazards Involved in the Industrial Use of Micro- 
organisns." She said that change of phenotype due to mutation and discharge 
of waste into the environment are important issues among trany others that need 
to be considered before a decision is reached. 
Dr. Pedoroff said that there should be flexibility to have a group look at 
and approve specific experiments which cure otherwise admonished against. 
Dr. Baltimore said investigators wishing to do such experiments could come to 
the local IBC or the RAC to discuss conditions mder which such experiments 
could be done. 
Dr. Bems said that at a meeting of the Large Scede Review working Group on 
September 9, 1981, none of the members thought that the large-scale prohibi- 
tion should be retained. 
Mr. Thomton recognized Ms. Claire Nader who said that the RAC should loc^ at 
the asstrptions behind the recommendations such as that all corporations will 
do the right thing, and that the technology is safe. She said that there were 
no experts on corporate behavior, or law enforcement, or anti-trust questions 
on the RAC. She said the RAC should have on it people who want to talk about 
risks. She criticized the way in which the RAC was proceeding. 
Dr. Nightingale said that a working group on the prohibitions was appointed 
over a year ago and that the prohibitions have been discussed extensively 
before this meeting. Dr. Gottesnan said that it was peculiar to be concerned 
about the prohibitions and at the same time recommending that the entire system 
become voluntary. She said that perhaps there could be a recommendation that 
these experiments be reviewed by the RAC. 
Mr. Daloz moved that a vote be taken on Dr. Baltimore's motion, as amended. 
The motion to end discussion and vote failed to carry by a vote of four in 
favor, fourteen opposed, and three abstentions. 
Dr. Ahmed said he wanted detailed procedures built into the revised Guidelines 
for handling the currently prohibited experiments. Dr. Baltimore said that 
the absence of detailed procedures pertains in the case of all nonreoombinant 
DNA laboratory work including that with known pathogens. 
Mr. Thornton asked for a show of hands of RAC members who wished to continue 
discussion of this agenda itan for an additional thirty minutes until approxi- 
mately 3:30 p.m. The vote v#as eighteen in favor, one opposed. 
Dr. Mason said that the RAC and the Guidelines cannot deal with scientists or 
industrial groups who are uninformed, dishonest, or careless. We have tried 
to produce guidelines that reponsible people will follow. There is no way to 
provide for every contingency. 
(203] 
