DNA research. It was further recommended, however, that the technical 
analysis of guidelines, the performance of risk-assessment studies, and 
other technical activities be left to organizations such as ICSU. These 
recommendations were made in light of the close cooperation and coordina- 
tion among international scientific, health, and safety organizations. 
For March 1978 WHO has also scheduled a symposium entitled "Practical 
Applications of Genetic Engineering." This will provide a forum for dis- 
cussion of the potential application of benefits from this research, 
especially with regard to the lesser-developed countries. 
V . Ethical Implications of Genetic Research 
In light of the international interests in recombinant DNA research, 
international organizations have sponsored a number of conferences to 
examine the ethical implications of biological research generally and 
genetic research particularly. These include the following: 
• UNESCO sponsored a meeting in Bulgaria, in June 1975, to examine 
the ethical, legal, and social implications of research advances 
in biology, including advances in genetic research; 
• UNESCO sponsored a meeting in Madrid, Spain, in October 1977, to 
examine the ethical implications of genetic research, including 
recombinant DNA; 
• WHO will sponsor a meeting in Milan, Italy, in March 1978, to examine 
the implications of genetic research for "genetic engineering"; and 
• the Nobel Foundation will sponsor a meeting in Stockholm, Sweden, in 
August 1978 to examine ethical questions in key science policy areas. 
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