2.4.3 Rhesus monkeys have been injected with HIV-IT (V) to evaluate the production of 
HIV-1 ENV/REV specific CTL in a non-human primate model. The IM administration 
of one to three doses of HIV-IT (V) (3 x 10 7 cfu) to Rhesus monkeys has resulted in 
the development of HIV-1 ENV/REV specific CD8 + MHC restricted CTL responses 
(Figure 4). Other studies have shown that the cell-mediated cytotoxic response in the 
monkey has persisted for at least 12 weeks following the last HIV-IT (V) injection. In 
addition, EM HIV-IT (V) administration to a baboon (2 x 10 7 cfu) was also shown to 
induce HIV-1 ENV/REV specific, CD8 + , MHC restricted CTL responses and antibody 
responses. Thus, HIV-IT (V) appears capable of activating cellular and humoral 
immune responses in non-human primate models. 
2.4.4 PBMC from HTV- 1 -infected subjects have been examined to see whether HIV-1 
ENV/REV specific CTL responses could be activated using HIV-IT (V)-treated 
autologous cells. Figure 5 shows that PBMC from HIV- 1 -infected individuals can be 
reliably stimulated by HIV-IT (V)-transduced autologous cells expressing the HIV-1 
DIB ENV/REV or HIV-1 DIB GAG/REV proteins. The stimulated effector cells from 
a limited number of subjects were characterized as CD8 + , Class I MHC restricted CTL. 
Figure 4 
Rhesus Monkey Cell-Mediated Cytotoxic Activity Following 
HIV-IT (V) Treatment 
0 188-01 /DV/MAC/DAKTl 
Induction of HIV-1 ENV/REV specific T cell-mediated cytotoxic activity in a Rhesus monkey following 
HIV-IT (V) injection. This monkey was injected three times at two week intervals with a total of 3 x 10 7 cfu 
administered per injection in six different IM sites. PBMC were collected prior to each injection and, after 
in vitro stimulation, were tested for cytotoxic activity on HIV-1 ENV/REV expressing or control autologous 
targets. The data presented employed PBMC taken two weeks after the first injection. 
Recombinant DNA Research, Volume 18 
