11 
Dr. Miller suggested Section V-B-2 might read as follows: 
"Justify the selection of introduction protocols with respect to potential 
environmental effects." 
Dr. Colwell suggested the words "adverse effects" be substituted for the 
words "environmental effects." 
Dr. Gottesman agreed with Dr. Fedoroff's suggestion that Section V-B-2 should 
attempt to determine how the introduction protocols would reduce risk; she 
moved such language. Dr. Frame r seconded the motion. 
Dr. Joseph Fiksel of Arthur D. Little, Inc., asked if this section addresses 
Whether the nature of the test limits undesired consequences. 
Dr. Elliott Norse of the Ecological Society of America pointed out that organisms 
are not the only targets that might be affected by released substances; ground 
water or soil, for example, might be exposed. 
Dr. Rissler pointed out that Er. Fedoroff's language did not imply introduction 
protocols would deal with exposure. 
Dr. Fedoroff said maximizing exposure of modified organisms in field tests 
will not necessarily maximize hazard. 
Dr. Susan Hirano suggested the best format for this section is a short preamble 
followed by points of consideration. She suggested Section V-B should read as 
follows : 
"Discuss the following specific features of the experiment that are designed 
to minimize potential adverse effects of the modified organism: 
"1. Test site, location and size; 
"2. Introduction protocols; 
"3. Population size and reproductive capacity; 
"4. Emergency procedure for aborting the experiment; 
"5. Procedures conducted at the termination of the experiment. 
The working group agreed with this suggestion; Dr. Gottesman withdrew her 
earlier motion. 
Dr. Tolin suggested the point referring to population size attempts to elicit 
information on the effect of the initial inoculum. She said the size and area 
of the test plot and the number of plants or other target organisms in the test 
plot are also important considerations. The proposed language should read as 
follows : 
[306] 
