ANIMAL MANURES 
47 
hauling from the city to prevent the manure from being 
strewn along the streets and roads. In the smaller cen- 
ters of production about two tons is the most common 
weight for a load. One-horse wagons carrying 1500 
pounds or a ton are often used by market gardeners in 
making short hauls, and dump carts of about the same 
capacity are utilized to some extent. Auto trucks are 
now most largely used for the hauling of manure, the 
load varying, with the size of the truck, from one to five 
tons. 
85. Fresh manure versus rotten manure. — In general 
farming the best practice is to apply manure to the land 
as soon as possible after it is produced. This may also 
be the best policy in certain lines of vegetable farming; 
as, for example, grass land to be planted in early cabbage 
and early sweet corn might well receive dressings of fresh 
manures any time after hay harvest of the previous sea- 
son. In field trucking a very general and commendable 
practice is to apply fresh manures at any time, provided 
all conditions are favorable to such applications. The 
probabilities are that yields will be better than if an at- 
tempt is made to store the manure and apply when well 
decomposed. It is a well-known fact, however, among 
market gardeners that fresh stable manures are not suit- 
able for intensive operations in market gardening, be- 
cause they are not quick enough in their action and their 
coarse texture prevents thorough incorporation with the 
soil particles. Again, fresh manures are likely to cause 
a rank growth of certain crops, such as tomato, eggplant, 
pepper, melon and cucumber, at the sacrifice of fruit. 
With root crops, like radish, turnip, beet, carrot, parsnip 
and salsify, fresh manures not only cause excessive top 
growth, but also prevent the proper root development. It 
is, therefore, generally conceded that rotten manure is in- 
dispensable in all intensive lines' of vegetable gardening. 
86. Composting manures. — On almost every place de- 
