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VEGETABLE GARDEN INC. 
used and what should be the order of their use to secure 
the best medium for sowing or transplanting? The fol- 
lowing program should prove satisfactory : (i) Dragging 
with the furrows; (2) disking with the furrows; (3) 
disking across the furrows ; (4) dragging across the disk 
marks; (5) disking again if necessary; (6) harrowing 
with the Meeker smoothing harrow until the soil is thor- 
oughly pulverized and the surface even and smooth. 
71. Cultivation. — All but one of the purposes of tillage 
are accomplished by cultivation. The efficiency of culti- 
vation for any particular crop depends upon (1) the char- 
acter of the tool used, (2) when it is used, (3) how skill- 
fully it is used. 
There are three general classes of cultivators, horse- 
cultivators, motor cultivators and hand cultivators. 
Motor and horse-cultivators may be provided with 
shovels, teeth, or rake attachments ; they may be for one 
or more rows and operated when riding or walking. In 
working field garden crops, such as sweet corn, tomatoes 
and cabbage, two-horse riding cultivators are employed 
extensively, but with most crops planted far enough apart 
to permit of horse-tillage, the single horse cultivators are 
in general use. Spike-tooth and narrow shovels are the 
best conservers of soil moisture and leave the soil in the 
best physical condition, while the broader shovels are 
effective in destroying large weeds and in breaking up 
compacted soils. Hillers and shovels of various shapes 
may be purchased with most horse and motor cultivators 
and attached whenever it will be advantageous. 
Hand wheel cultivators are made in various styles 
(Figure 3). They should have rather high wheels with 
broad tires. Some wheel hoes are made to straddle the 
rows, others to go between them. Double wheel hoes 
are most serviceable and economical in smooth, level soil 
that is easily cultivated ; the single wheel hoe is adapted 
to conditions not so favorable to tillage. Teeth, rakes, 
