252 
VEGETABLE GARDENING 
sects. Paris green and arsenate of lead may also be used 
as poisons for flea beetles. 
327. Fungous diseases. — Leaf Spot (Ccrcospora bcii- 
cola) is a destructive disease to sugar beets, but it seldom 
does much damage to the garden type. Potato scab 
(Oospora scabies) also attacks the various types of beets, 
and is oiten a serious disease of garden varieties. To 
secure roots free of the scab, seeds must be planted in 
soil free from the fungus. Rotation is necessary to 
escape this disease. 
BROCCOLI (Brassica olcracca, var. botrytis) 
328. Character.— Botanically, broccoli closely resem- 
bles cauliflower, although the heads are usually smaller. 
In England, where many varieties are grown, there is 
great variation in the leaves and general habits of the 
plants. In this country the plants are more hardy to frost 
than cauliflower and the heads require more time to 
reach marketable size. The plants are also very sensi- 
tive to heat and demand a liberal and constant supply 
of moisture. 
32g. Importance. — Broccoli is an important crop in 
England, being grown on an extensive field scale in some 
sections, and in this country is now largely grown dur- 
ing the winter months in milder parts of Oregon, Cali- 
fornia, and Louisiana. The plants are carried over win- 
ter in the field and produce heads during February, 
March and April. California now ships 700 to 1000 cars 
yearly, and Oregon 200 to 300 cars. 
330. Culture. — It should be produced in the East as a 
late crop, sowed in the open during May and trans- 
planted in the field about six weeks later. The soil should 
be deep, rich and moist. The leaves are bent, pinned or 
tied to blanch the heads, as in the production of cauli- 
