THE FLORAL WORLD AND GARDEN GUIDE. 
319 
protected tliroiigli the winter with a good thickness of loaves, and thatched to pre- 
vent them blowing about, and at the same time to throw off the rain and snow. In 
the house devoted to black Ilamburghs plant Buckland sweetw rer in the place of 
the muscats. You might also add a plant of royal muscadine, which is a good 
serviceable white grape. 
Cytissus. — Lady Gardener . — Top-dress with good turfy loam and a little 
decayed manure, and then, after they have done flowering, cut them back, and 
directly they begin to break shift into larger pots. Use good fibry loam three parts, 
mixed with one part thoroughly-decayed manure or leaf-mould. Let the pots be 
thoroughly well drained, and place the plants out of doors in the summer to ripen 
the growth, and tise the soil in a moderately rough condition, for they will do very 
little good in close stuff. 
Autumn PR0PAa.\Ti0N of Roses. — Rosariam . — To strike hybrid porpetuals in 
the open ground is not a difficult though an uncertain method. The way to do it 
is to prepare a sheltered border with a dressing of leaf-mould and sharp sand, equal 
parts, and raise it a foot above the level. Tread this firm, and let it slope away to 
carry off water quickly. On the 1st of October take ripe cuttings and cut them in 
lengths of six inches, removing all the soft, sappy tops of the shoots. Take off as 
many leaves as will make three inches of the cuttings bare at the bottom, and cut 
tbe base of each by a clean cut close under the bottom joint. Now put these in 
the ground three inches deep, in rows a foot apart, and the cuttings four inches 
apart in the rows, andjtread them firm. If the weather is bright and dry, sprinkle 
them with water every morning, and keep shaded, but do not water the bed, as if 
only moderately damp that will suffice. As there is generally a copious deposit of 
dew at night, the cuttings will probably want but little vvafer, and should only have 
enough to keep them fresh. Many of them will root, and in March begin to grow ; 
many will rot during the winter. If a hard winter follows, they may be saved by 
covering with frames or canvas. "Where frames are at hand, and a gentle hotbed 
can be made up, the same method of making the cuttings may be adopted ; but 
tbe bed should consist of equal parts loam, leaf-mould, and sharp sand, and be six 
inches deep over the fermenting material. They must be kept in the frames all 
the winter, and have air during fine weather. In cocoa-nut waste roses root 
quickly, but as soon as possible should be potted off, and put in the greenhouse 
or a pit, and the stuff for the first potting should have a considerable proportion of 
leaf-mould and sand in it. Failures in the use of the Maiietti stock have, in 
almost all cases, been the result of a mistaken estimate of its uses. It will not 
make mop-headed standards, such as are now grown by budding briers on the 
upper branches. The bud should always be entered close to the collar of the 
stock, in onler that, in the future planting, the rose may be covered with soil 
without plunging too much of the true bark of the stock. When worked with 
suitable sorts it is a prodigious rooter, and will feed a fast-growing rose on poor 
soils, where it would perish if on its own roots. But, by planting the entered bud 
below the surface the next season after budding, the rose makes roots of its own 
and so grows more naturally. There is, in fact, less of that disagreement between 
bud and stock which in many cases is the cause of the failure of worked roses. It 
does not follow, however, that if planted above the surface, the bud should fail, 
and we should not advise you to move the plants until they have gained strength. 
Hollyhocks in Winter, — Florist . — Double hollyhocks give plenty of seed, 
and the plants raised from well-saved seed come pretty true to the parent. Take 
off the pods when ripe, and hang them in bunches in a dry room till March ; 
then rub them out, and sow in shallow pans in a gentle heat. Cut down the stems 
as soon as you have got as much seed as you require. No mulching till spring, for 
damp at the collar often causes the destruction of hollyhocks in winter. The lead- 
ing growers advise tbe removal of the mould round the neck of the plant, and fill- 
ing it in with silver-sand. On the damp, clay soil it will not be safe to trust fine 
hollyhocks in the rpen ground all winter, and they should be taken up in October, 
and potted and kept in frames till March. 
Bulb Query. — F. K . — All soft bulbs, such as lilies and crown imperials, 
should be kept out of the ground as short a time as possible. Small bulbs, in 
the way of lachenalias and anomathecas, may be shaken out of their pots, when 
the foliage has quite died down, and stored away in bags till they begin to 
break naturally, when they must be again potted, and but just covered. The 
October. 
