342 
THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE OF AMERICA 
culiar feature. The}' are formed by the enlarged and 
colored petals surrounding the seeds, forming the 
berrylike fruits. 
Among the Roses are numerous species that have 
showy fruits. The Japanese Rosa rugosa has remark- 
able showy fruits from midsummer to Fall. Rosa 
blanda, R. lucida, R. canina, R. rubiginosa, R. Setigera, 
R. Caroliniana and R. multiflora are all showy in fruit. 
Rosa multiflora retains its fruits undimmed and plump 
throughout the Winter. 
The American Hawthorns have come to the front 
recently. During the past fourteen A-ears about nine 
hundred species have been described. Too much at- 
tention cannot be paid to them, for they are splendid 
decorative subjects in their beautiful showy fruits. 
The species in the different sections ripen their fruits 
at different periods, and the species vary greatly in the 
length of time they retain their fruits. A selection 
can be made of about sixteen species that will give a 
display of fruits from August until late winter. 
Crataegus matura ripens its oblong lustrous crimson 
fruits in August. C. Arnoldiana matures its lustrous 
red fruits about the same time. The following will 
give a good display: Cratregus pr?ecox. C. pedicellata. 
C. gloriosa, C. Ellwangeriana, C. spissflora, C. Cham- 
plainensis, C. .\rkansana, C. ferentaria, C. Barryana, C. 
compacta, C. Geneseensis, C. persimilis, C. Durobrivensis 
and C. cordata. The fruits of C. cordata hang on ail 
winter. 
The Buckthorns have inostly black fruits. In some 
of the species they are reddish before turning black. 
Rhamnus alpina, R. cathartica, R. Purshiana and R. 
Dahurica have all interesting fruit displaj^s. Rham- 
nus Dahurica is, perhaps, the showiest, with its numer- 
ous black clusters. 
The Barberries take a leading place in ornamental 
fruiting shrubs. The fruit is produced so abundantly, 
and in the various scarlet, red and orange-red tints the 
fruit of the different species assumes, remaining in 
good condition a long time, that they are indispensable 
in ornamental grounds. Berberis serrata is the first 
to ripen its red fruit, which is usually at the end of 
July and August, and it is the only species in which 
the fruit drops soon after ripening. Berberis Cliinen- 
sis, B. Canadensis, B. Poiretti, B. Sibirica, B. Regeliana, 
B. vulgaris in several varieties, B. Amurensis, B. aris- 
tata and B. Thunbergi are all highly deserving of 
cultivation for their fruits. Berberis Regeliana, B. 
vulgaris and B. Amurensis are the most conspicuous 
in their fruit displays. 
The Spindle Trees, or Burning Bushes (Euony- 
muses), are remarkably conspicuous in their fruits. The 
combination of color is most attractive, when the pink, 
white or red capsules open, disclosing the usually 
orange seeds inside ; the efifect is charming. Most of 
the species ripen their fruits from the first of Septem- 
ber to the end of October and are showy until late fall. 
The common Spindle Tree of Europe, Euonymus Euro- 
p?eus, is very variable in its tinting, the fruit var3nng 
from dark crimson to vermilion. The Japanese Euony- 
mus Bungeanus is very distinctive with whitish arils 
and orange seeds. Other important species are E. 
Sieboldianus, E. latifolius, E. Americana, E. atropur- 
pureus, E. Hamiltonianus, E. alatus and E. radicans. 
The Chokeberries are important fruiting shrubs. 
The Red Chokeberry, Aronia arbutifolia, is very showy 
with its red fruits when it is grown in dense, large 
clumps. The Black Chokeberry, A. melanocarpa, with 
dark lustrous fruits is attractive. They both ripen in 
August and retain their fruits for a long time. 
The White Fringe, Chionanthus Virginica, ripens its 
large handsome bluish-black fruits in September, and 
the}- are conspicuous for many weeks. 
1 he Privets present an altogether different aspect 
from most hardy fruiting shrubs. The jet black shin- 
ing fruits of some of the forms look somewhat like 
bunches of grapes. The persistent hanging of the 
fruit renders them most important features in the 
winter months. Ligustrum Ibota, L. Amurensis and 
L. vulgare in different varieties are the best species in 
this part of the world. 
The different JVlountain Ashes are remarkably 
showy in their scarlet, red or orange-red fruit clusters. 
It is a ])ity that most of the foreign species are apt to 
be attacked by blight and are inclined to be short- 
lived. The many forms of the European Mountain 
Ash, Sorbus aucuparia, have all showy orange-red 
fruits. Sorbus Americana, S. sambucifolia, S. Mat- 
sumarana, S. alnifolia and S. Thianschanica have all 
handsome fruit displays throughout fall and early 
winter. 
The Snowberry, Symphoricarpos racemosus, is a 
most attractive shrub with its snow white fruits, the 
branches often bending down under them. Through- 
I >ut the fall and early winter they are very conspicuous. 
The Wolfberry, Symphoricarpos occidentalis, very 
much resembles the latter, but the fruit has not the 
same waxy whiteness. It fruits about the same time. 
The Indian Currant, Symphoricarpos vulgaris, ripens 
its red fruits late in the season. The under sides of the 
branchlets are loaded with the coral red berries, and 
they present a most cheerful appearance among the 
snows of winter. 
The different Crab Apples of Japan, China, Siberia, 
and Europe give interesting fruit displays in the fall 
and early winter. The fruits assume various colors, 
in yellow, yellowish red, red and crimson. Malus 
spectabilis is about the first to ripen its fruits and they 
are usually mature in September. The following are 
all interesting in their fruits: Malus floribunda, M. 
baccata, M. Toringo, M. Ringo, M. Zumi, M. Sargenti, 
M. Niedwetzkyana and M. prunifolia. 
The Virginia Persimmon, Diospyros Virginiana, pre- 
sents a unique appearance in its fruits. A tree loaded 
wth the yellowish j^lumlike fruits always attracts 
attention in November and December. It is perfectly 
hardy in the neighborhood of Rochester. 
We have enumerated one hundred and ten species of 
hardv ornamental fruiting trees and shrubs, all of them 
pi issessing ornamental value in fruitage. If they were 
all carefully and tastefully grouped in any private or 
public grounds, with sufficient space for their develop- 
ment, they would certainly furnish much enjoyment 
and pleasure to those interested. These are all grow- 
ing in the Rochester park system, and a great many 
others to which we have not alluded. 
OCTOBER WORK IN THE GARDEN 
{Coiiliniicd from page 334.) 
great factors in prize-winning. Never sacrifice iniifor- 
mity and good finish for size alone, and always try to dis- 
play each specimen clean and fresh. .Arrange the ex- 
hibit or exhibits that both judge and visitor may alike 
see at a glance the quality of the specimens staged with- 
out the necessity of handling. This is an era of vegetable 
culture and it is pleasant to reflect that gardeners not 
only contribute to the dinner table elements of staple 
utilitv, but the quality of refinement through the medium 
of flower gardens. 
