32 
THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE OF AMERICA. 
When a tree attains the age of perhaps 20 years its 
contour can be easily seen and specimens can be select- 
ed that will match and make uniform lines in time to 
come. These can be moved in winter with surety of 
their living, and this is being done by many with a 
guarantee. It is often advised that the tree should be 
trenched round a year before, and good soil be placed 
around it to induce the formation of young fibrous 
roots. There could not be a greater fallacy and more 
losses will ensue from this treatment than when they 
are dug, frozen up sufficiently to hold the ball of soil, 
and then moved to the new location at once, putting 
good soil around about them, in a hole already made 
large enough to receive both. There is then only one 
operation, a major one, it is true, but not so severe a 
check as the digging up the second time, and the con- 
sequent injury to the young roots already made when 
these should be becoming established in the new soil 
of the new location. 
As to the freezing, enough is sufficient. A maple 
can be easily killed, as we found to our sorrow one 
severe winter, when the frost went down through the 
ball of soil containing the tree. An elm, however, will 
stand more without injury, but does not enjoy it, so 
when a tree is frozen sufficiently to hold the soil at the 
roots, if it is not possible to move same at once, put 
plenty of snow over all, or lacking in this, as in some 
years, put on straw manure to hold it as it was until 
ready to move. All evergreens can be moved safely 
this way, choosing a day when the branches are not 
frozen, without loss of many roots. Only surface root- 
ing trees can be moved, such as elm, maple, ash, or 
such as make to tap-roots. An oak is difficult unless 
nursery grown. 
In digging trees for removal, it is only necessary 
to go to the depth of the roots, eighteen inches being 
usually enough. Then, when frozen enough, cover up 
to keep from more frost than is necessary, or it will be 
very hard to pull the tree over with blocks and tackle, 
and when pulled over, the surplus frozen soil will have 
to be cut off with axes before loading. This, as before 
said, will be fatal to a maple, and not good for an elm. 
FREDERICK'S (MD.) EDUCATIONAL GARDEN. 
PHE influence for good that can be produced in a 
community through the introduction of the love for 
plants and flowers is exemplified by what has been 
accomplished in the little town of Frederick, Md., 
through the efforts of Frank C. Hargett, a garden 
enthusiast. 
For a number of years Mr. Hargett cultivated his 
garden for the pleasure of all who cared to enjoy it, 
writes the Baltimore Sun, and at the annual opening 
visitors to Frederick and neighboring towns paid their 
respects to his amateur genius. 
Two years ago among his visitors were government 
officials, who immediately realized that this one man 
was contributing substantially to the development of 
floriculture, without being on the national subsidy 
list. They promptly designated it as an educational 
garden, in line with the Government's work, and the 
affair was formally organized, with an executive com- 
mittee composed of Mayor Fraley and Messrs. Wil- 
liam F. Gude and George W. Hess, of Washington, 
and Richard Vincent, Jr., of White Marsh. Since then 
the Government has contributed both materials and 
expert advice until this year, on September 2, the little 
back yard with the big garden in it was opened with 
more formality than ever before, and now the city of 
Frederick is planning to set aside a large area for a 
public park to contain the exhibit. 
This year's opening was an event of importance for 
many reasons, chiefly because so much progress had 
been made in the initial intentions. The purpose of 
the garden has grown to be just what the name in- 
dicates, and in line with that program, high school and 
other children are invited and given botanical lectures, 
while the general public gets its inspiration, from 
visits, to beautify around the home place a bit. The 
net result will be, of course, an awakening of en- 
thusiasm that will make many spots in Frederick 
beautiful. The educational garden plan, it is expected, 
will spread to other towns, and visitors to Frederick 
have said that Baltimore might well have such a gar- 
den in both of its leading parks, and perhaps one or 
two of the squares, with stated lecture periods. 
One of the distinguished visitors at this year's open- 
ing in Frederick was Baron Chinda, the Japanese Am- 
bassador, who said that Mr. Hargett was doing things 
that would teach Japan, the country of flowers. He 
was most enthusiastic over the unexpected showing in 
Frederick's back yard. The yard was, as it will be 
until winter forces the tropical plants into shelter, 
crowded and packed with innumerable varieties of 
plants and flowers. Lining the walk through the gar- 
den are donations of prominent individuals and a few 
institutions, all with their presentation cards attached. 
A magnificent palm from President Wilson and an- 
other from Governor Goldsborough are conspicuous 
among the exhibits. 
Vice-President Thomas R. Marshall, Cardinal Gib- 
bons, Viscount Chinda, Japanese Ambassador; Mayor 
Preston of Baltimore, Blair Lee, John Walter Smith, 
David J. Lewis, Mrs. Nellie Blessing Eyster, Cali- 
fornia ; Mayor Mitchel of New York ; Mayor Blanken- 
burg of Philadelphia, Commissioner John E. Weier, 
New York ; Marion Wright, Florida ; John Maclaren, 
California ; the Baltimore Sun, United States Depart- 
ment of Agriculture, United States Botanical Gardens, 
Maryland Agricultural College and New York Botan- 
ical Gardens, are among the other contributors. 
Since the opening, dozens of contributors have been 
added, but on account of the relatively small space 
available it was necessary to decline contributions 
which in variety and quantity of plants would have 
filled several times the whole space now given to the 
garden. It is to accommodate the growth of the idea 
that Frederick will make an effort to set aside sufficient 
ground next year, and the town is thoroughly aroused 
to the possibilities of the project. 
The opening of this beauty spot in Frederick was 
followed by an interest that has grown steadily since. 
Automobile parties from Baltimore, Washington, 
Philadelphia, Annapolis, New York, Wilmington, Read- 
ing, Pittsburgh and tourists from all parts of the 
country have seen the dream of Frank C. Hargett and 
marveled at the way in which he managed to pack 
every inch of his ground and still get in somehow or 
other to pull the weeds. 
"Frederick's Educational Botanical Garden," said 
Mayor Fraley, who is a warm supporter of the project, 
"is one of the best things Frederick has ever done, in 
line with city beautifying and the education of the 
growing generation, and it is the natural outgrowth of 
Mr. Hargett's persistent work. He is a man with an 
idea, and that idea a splendid one. It was no surprise, 
nothing unexpected, that a man so wholly devoted to 
his purpose should win out in the end, and in Frederick 
we are proud of what he has accomplished, and will 
heip him to do more." 
