360 
THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE OF AMERICA. 
REMODELLING GREYSTONE 
The extensive improvements at Greystone, the estate 
of Samuel Untermyer, Yonkers, New York, and over 
which Arthur Griffin presides as superintendent, are well 
under way. The construction work on the terraced 
vegetable garden, begun last fall, is almost completed. 
The scheme comprises some two or three acres, and is 
fitted with every excellent facility for producing the best. 
Installed in this garden is an ornamental rotary water 
system, a series of fountains supplied by natural gravita- 
tive force and maintained by mechanical pressure. Water 
pumped from the lower grade to an elevation keeps up 
the supply. With this ornamental truck garden are 
linked rose gardens, pergolas, and a series of formal 
flower gardens planted in color scheme. These gardens, 
now part of the Greystone estate, are laid out on what 
previously was known as "Duncragger," purchased by 
the present owner about three years ago, and whose ob- 
ject is now to make as one both these estates. 
Nor is the work confined to this recently acquired 
V-J 
Transplanting a Large Maple at Greystene. 
property. The grounds of the original Greystone are 
being remodelled. A large Alpine rockery now in course 
of construction will in all probability eclipse anything 
of its kind in the Eastern States. Towering one hundred 
feet above the ground already may be seen overhanging 
crags dominating a restful water basin below, which it 
is intended shall be fed by mysterious waterways and 
cascades from the rocky pile. The project as so far de- 
veloped affords the owner an extensive outlook to the 
Hudson River and the world-famous Palisades. 
A formal garden three or more acres in extent and of 
either Italian or Persian design is now in the making. 
This latter layout will be surrounded by very high and 
ornate walls, and when completed will he a leading fea- 
ture of interesting Greystone. 
In addition to construction work, the replanting of 
some twenty to thirty thousand Rhododendrons was 
done last spring, and in the tree moving business any- 
thing within possibility has been successfully accom- 
plished, as might be instanced by the moving towards the 
end of May of a huge maple, shown in the accompanying 
illustration. 
T 
FALL PLANTING OF SHRUBS. 
HE first essential in any kind of planting for per- 
manent effect is to know the kind of shrub or tree- 
that will naturally develop from your plant. When each 
plant is set and before you finally decide just how and 
where to plant it, try and see with a prophetic eye what 
the result will be in five or ten years. Allow for growth 
and development. If you do not know the growth habit 
of the shrub, study the catalogue of some good dealer. 
The descriptions are accurate and can be depended upon. 
Few shrubs require less than six feet between them, 
and wide spreading bushes like the lilac or syringia 
should be set ten feet apart. If an immediate effect is 
required, set half distance and as they grow take out 
every other one. No tree or shrub can develop properly 
without plenty of room and if a handsome perfect speci- 
men is desired, space to grow must be given it. Patience 
is a requisite of the landscape gardener. — Exchange. 
HARDY FERNERIES 
AXTHILE flowers are indispensable for the ornamenta- 
tion of a residence, a collection of hardy Ferns 
forms an equaMy important addition, and when properly 
and tastefully arranged they may be made to assume as 
natural an appearance as they do in a wild state ; the 
rustic appearance, too, of a hardy fernery forms an agree- 
able contrast to the more dressy portions of the grounds. 
It is difficult to lay down definite rules for the construc- 
tion of a fernery, so much depending upon the position 
which it is to occupy and the space at command. In fix- 
ing on the site, the first thing to be aimed at should be a 
shad)', secluded nook — not one that can be seen from the 
windows of the mansion or cottage, nor yet from the 
flower garden, but a part that is unexpectedly come upon 
when walking through the grounds. The situation should 
also be one that is sheltered from winds. Moisture, too, 
is essential to the well-being of hardy Ferns, but this 
cannot always be given in sufficient quantity to carry 
them safely through hot summers. In forming a fernery, 
anything like straight lines must be avoided. If the space 
to be occupied be long rather than broad, it should be 
broken up here and there so as to form miniature dells, 
recesses and projections; but all should have as natural 
an appearance as possible. The plants in all cases should 
be allowed sufficient space in which to develop. Where 
outdoor Ferns have failed to do well, the ferneries have 
generally been cramped for room. What is wanted is 
breadth and length. If the fernery be so arranged that 
it could be traversed by a narrow path from which the 
plants could be examined, all the better. The stones em- 
ployed should be placed in as natural a manner as pos ■ 
sible, and yet they should possess a certain amount of 
artistic arrangement. 
Anyone who has searched for Ferns in their native 
haunts cannot have failed to observe that they luxuriate 
in a light, sandy soil, and this must form, if possible, the 
main bulk of the fernery. For very delicate sorts a com- 
post may be formed of peat, leaf-mould and loam, with a 
sprinkling of sand to keep all open and porous, but the 
stronger sorts will succeed best in loam without the addi- 
tion of peat. Fern roots, being generally of a wiry na- 
ture, will grow in almost any soil that is of ordinal)' 
texture, but it ought not to be too heavy. Ferns dislike 
manure, both in solid and liquid form. In arranging the 
plants I would not separate the evergreen from the de- 
ciduous kinds, but so dispose of them that when the foli- 
age of the latter dies down in the beginning of winter, 
there would still remain plants enough to interest the 
cultivator. I would, therefore, plant plenty of sorts that 
would retain their verdure throughout the winter. In 
planting, an error of too common occurrence must be 
avoided, viz., that of planting too deeply. Generally 
speaking, the crowns must be kept well above the soil, 
but the plants should be made firm, and the stronger- 
growing sorts should be planted first. Dwarf-growing 
varieties with fine fronds should have the most sheltered 
nooks assigned to them. — Gardening Illustrated. 
