THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE OF AMERICA 
373 
The Other. P. suffruteseens, is of easier 
cultivation. It is a real rock garden plant 
of sub-shrubby habit, and loves a light, 
well-drained soil. It is hardy well north. 
It also does very well in pots in a cold 
house or frame. P. suffruteseens has deep 
green leaves and good trusses of cherry- 
pink flowers. It can be multiplied by eut- 
tingv. layers, and seeds. 
To the third section, that of nivalis, we 
owe the best of all the American Primulas. 
This is P. Parryi, a noble plant, which is 
difficult to grow with many, but which 
others succeed quite well with. It is a 
handsome plant, with erect leaves and 
trusses of very brilliant crimson-purple 
Bowers. The finest specimens the writer 
lias ever seen were growing in an ordinary 
border, with slight shade from fruit trees. 
Other good plants were in good loam in a 
bed of roses. Others grow it in damp, but 
well-drained loam, leaf-soil, and peat, in 
partial shade. It is such a handsome plant 
that it is well worth taking eare of, but 
the difficulty seems to be to secure suf- 
ficient moisture with ample drainage. The 
other species of this section, P. angusti- 
folia, P. Cusickiana, P. eximia, P. Macouni, 
and P. pumila may be passed over as either 
unprocurable or inferior to others of the 
magnificent genus to which they belong. — 
Gardeners' Magazine (English). 
CULTURAL NOTES ON VIOLETS. 
It will soon be September and time to 
house the plants of the double varieties of 
violets that are grown in the field, the more 
successful growers being of the opinion that 
the plants should be under glass before the 
season of heavy dews. In preparing the 
beds have plenty of old leaves; it is not 
necessary that they be rotted; in fact, 
leaves gathered last fall are to be preferred, 
for they will generate a little heat in the 
soil and the violet plants seem to grow and 
push their roots into half-rotted leaves bet- 
ter than in leaf mold that is finely decom- 
posed. A layer of three inches of leaves in 
the bottom of the bed will prove of great 
advantage in violet culture. Whatever 
manure is used should be thoroughly rotted. 
The violet will not root into fresh manure 
at all. An old gardener, who was very suc- 
cessful in violet culture, once told us how 
he prepared his frames. They were made in 
a similar manner to hotbeds, only instead 
of manure a foot of leaves was placed at 
the bottom and eight or ten inches of soil 
placed on them. The leaves will furnish a 
mild heat nearly all winter and greatly 
assist in keeping the frames warm. We 
tried that method the following fall and 
thinking that the leaves would not furnish 
nutriment enough we incorporated a good 
quantity of half-rotted manure in the soil, 
the manure still being more or less lumpy. 
The violets grew finely and produced an 
excellent crop of large flowers. In the 
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Horses, Dogs, and Fowls from the noxious effects of Horn Flies. 
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spring when we lifted the plants we found 
the roots had all gone into the leaves, there 
being no feeding roots in the soil, and in 
making their way through the loam had 
avoided all the manure, this still being in 
the lumps as when placed in the soil. In 
lifting the plants avoid allowing the roots 
to become dry; lift with a good clump of 
soil and do not keep the plants too long in 
the air, only lifting what can be handled 
expeditiously. Plant firmly, but avoid 
walking on the beds; water as soon as 
planted and water well, so that the soil will 
be firmed around the plants. Shade for a 
few days until growth starts, and then give 
all tlie air and light possible. — American 
Flori.il. 
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OF AMERICA 
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