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| Work for the Month of October 
By Henry Gibson, Pennsylvania 
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Willi the- coming of October the garden year is 
almost over ; where but yesterday, as it were, was 
a proud riot of midsummer beauty, there is today 
but a small resemblance of it and this carries with it a 
faint whisper of approaching winter. 
Looking over the garden it speaks to us of the past 
rather than the present, and of the future than the 
past, fur already we are planning the blooms of to- 
morrow. 
As active growth ceases, the planting of both trees 
and shrubs should be proceeded with apace. Then 
there are the bulbs to get out for next spring's flowers. 
Added to this are the closing routine of the outdoor 
garden and the beginning in real earnest in the green- 
house department. 
Any alterations and replanting that requires to be 
done in the herbaceous border should lie completed as 
soon as possible now. so that the plants may become 
re-established before severe weather sets in. Shady 
places may be planted with Doronicums, Aconitums, 
old-fashioned paeonies and native ferns. 
In the case of pyrethrums, replanting should be done 
at once or left until next spring. 
THE LAWN 
Lawn-making cannot be described as a pleasant task, 
especially where a lot of it has to be done and it is to 
he feared that this unpleasantness of the work is an 
excuse for many for discontinuing cutting the grass 
early. Keep on with the cutting right up to frost, or 
at any rate as long as there is active growth going on. 
Neglect in mowing and clipping will soon produce an 
untidy appearance. When cutting is discontinued 
early the late fall growth is likely to prove trouble- 
some in the spring and at that time of the year there 
are usually plenty of other troubles without inviting 
them by inattention in the fall. 
THE FLOWER GARDEN 
Just as si ion as the frost blackens the tups of the 
Dahlias, lift and store them. The same treatment may 
he given to the cannas. We find that the Dahlias 
winter well when wrapped in sheets of newspaper and 
placed in barrels and stored in a frost proof shed. 
Cannas may be stored, without covering, under the 
bench of a cool greenhouse. 
For extra fine Sweet Peas, sow now. Of course, the 
ground will need to be well prepared by trenching two 
feet or more deep and plenty of well decayed manure 
incorporated in the soil. The object of fall sowing is 
to get early blooms and sowing should be done SO that 
the seed is just nicely germinated before hard weather 
comes on. 1 'roper protection must of course be pro- 
vided. This is done by placing boards edgewise, on 
each side of the rows and covering with glass, which 
in turn should be covered with mats, or salt hay, dur- 
ing severe weather and opened up during mild periods. 
THE VEGETABLE DEPARTMENT 
To get the full benefit of the vegetable garden a 
system of storage must be resorted to. Many of the 
products will keep until the spring; others only a few 
weeks. There are two chief limiting factors in suc- 
cessful storage; first, the condition of the articles 
stored; and, second, the kind of place in which the} 
are to be stored — for moisture, temperature, and ven- 
tilation must be taken into consideration. 
Storage begins with harvesting. Some vegetables 
■■md fruits pi.sse» better keeping "qualities if placed in 
storage before being fully ripened. Apples and pears, 
for instance, should be stored before reacliing full ma- 
turity. Many losses are sustained by the storage of 
products infested with disease, and again bruising and 
other damage may be the cause of the trouble. Hence 
the necessity of seeing that all products going into 
storage are sound and unbruised. Some products do 
well with a cool, moist atmosphere to preserve their 
plumpness, although an excessive amount of moisture 
would cause decay; others, like sweet potatoes and 
squash require a comparatively warm, dry atmosphere 
to prevent their rotting. A free circulation of air is 
essential in all cases and the temperature must be 
steady. It would take too much space here to go into 
the matter of storage in more detail, but it is a matter 
of more than passing importance to the gardener of 
today and worthy of some study. 
THE GREENHOUSE 
Amaryllis that have been plunged in frames making 
their growth are still quite green and in active growth. 
The water supply should be reduced so that by the 
middle or end of next week most of the foliage will 
have died down ; then the pots may be laid on their 
sides in a dry shed or under a greenhouse bench that 
is free from drip. It is important that the temperature 
of the storage place should not fall below 45 degrees in 
cold weather. They can remain stored until the flower 
spikes begin to show early in the new year, when re- 
potting or top-dressing 'will be necessary. Young 
plants that have not flowered must not be given any 
rest or it will probably retard the flowering period for 
another year. Keep them growing through the winter 
in a temperature of 55 degrees at night. 
Lil 
LILIES 
lies intended for spring and summer flowering 
should be potted up as soon as possible now. Tut each 
bulb singly into either a live or six-inch pot. according 
When potting is completed. 
to the size of the bulb. 
set the pots in a cold frame where they can be watered 
when necessary, and cover with ashes, soil or excelsior 
to a depth of six inches or more. We like the excelsior 
because it i^ easy to remove when one needs to exam- 
ine the condition of the plants. As soon as the} are 
well rooted and the shoots are three or tour inches 
through the covering material, they may be taken 
indoors for forcing into bloom. Staking as the stems 
develop should be attended to and a sharp lookout 
ought to be kept for green aphis, which are particularly 
partial to lilies. Fumigating or spraying with some 
approved insecticide will keep them under control. 
When the buds show, feeding with liquid manure will 
increase the size and quality of the bloom, but this 
should be discontinued as soon as the buds begin to 
turn from green to white. As the blooms develop the 
anthers should be picked i -tit so that the pollen from 
them will not soil the blooms. 
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