Timothy Grass. 3C© 
America; and in Sweden it is much cultivated, and reckoned very 
productive, and more agreeable to cattle than any other grass. 
In our country it has rather undeservedly sunk in estimation, as 
being harsh, late, and yielding little lattermarth and from pos- 
sessing no quality in which it is supposed not to be excelled by 
the fox tail grass. This last observation must have proceeded 
from a very limited experience; for in general purposes, and in a 
variety of soils and climates, it very far exceeds the fox tail, and 
also in yielding readily an abundance of sound healthy seed, while 
many of the seeds of fox tail are abortive, and the plant is very 
shy of growth and to the best cultivation. At the time of flow- 
ering, " Timothy grass" produced on one acre, 40,837 lbs. — when 
ripe it yielded the same weight, but the quantity of nutritive 
matter was more than doubled — the lattermarth yielded 9,528 
lbs., and the same quantity of nutritive matter, at the time of 
flowering. 1,920 grains of leaves gave 80 grains of nutritive 
matter; and 100 grains of nutritive matter gave 74 of mucilage 
or starch, 10 of saccharine matter or sugar, and 16 of bitter ex- 
tractive or saline matter. The ripe crop exceeds the flowering 
in value, as 14 to 5, which circumstance gives great value to the 
plant for the purpose of hay. When these statements of com- 
parative produce and value are admitted as an authority, it will 
be seen that cat's tail grass exceeds the fox tail in every respect, 
except in the produce of the lattermarth — an advantage that is 
much overbalanced by the greater produce and ready growth of 
the Timothy grass. It thrives much on peaty lands, and in hu- 
mid climates, and on all damp soils, and on those that possess a 
degree of loamy softness in their composition; and it is unfit for 
hot sands, gravels, chalk, and hard sterile clays. With that ex- 
ception, my experience on a great variety of soils, and for a long 
period of time, places the grass next to ray grass for general utility. 
It grows readily and abundantly, and yields much seed of a good 
quality. On very good lands it has a tendency to produce a 
height of stems in the place of number, and the leaves are soon 
blanched and yellowed by rain, in the making into hay; but the 
other grasses have a similar tendency, and they are all of them 
inferior to " ray grass," in producing a crop of the greatest num- 
ber of stems of a moderate and equal height. The time of flow- 
ering is little, if any, later than the cock's foot, fescue, or ray 
grass; and for one crop of hay, or for two and three years' pas- 
turage, and for permanent purposes, the meadow cat's tail must 
form a very considerable part of the seeds that are sown. A 
comparative trial of plants, on a scale of superior cultivation and 
refined management, can afford no criterion of general value. 
One plant will produce an abundance in such circumstances, but 
will fail when subjected to ordinary cultivation; and another, will 
