60 THE NURSERY. [Jan. 
SOUTHERN STATES. 
Dig the ground, if open weather, between the continuing rows of 
young trees and shrubs of all sorts. 
But previous to performing this work, give any necessary prun- 
ing to the shrubs and trees, especially the deciduous kinds; then 
let the ground be digged one spade deep; as you go on trim oflF any 
straggling roots of the trees and shrubs; and in digging, give every 
spit a fair turn off the spade that the weeds on the surface may be 
buried properly. 
Transplanting of young forest and ornamental trees in the nur- 
sery, and where required, may be performed any time this month 
if the weather is open and the ground not too wet. 
Particularly deciduous forest trees, &c., of the hardy kinds, may 
be removed any time this month if mild weather; but this should 
not be generally practised to evergreens at this season, especially 
where smart frosts may be expected to follow. 
Prune honey-suckles and roses, and all other kinds of hardy deci- 
duous flowering shrubs that want it, training each with a single 
stem, and trimming their heads as you shall see occasion; that is, 
either to cut out or shorten all straggling shoots in such manner 
as you shall see necessary to keep their heads somewhat to a regu- 
lar form. 
In open and settled weather you may now transplant, where 
necessary, most sorts of hardy deciduous flowering shrubs, both 
in the nursery order, and for shrubbery plantations, &c., in a dry 
soil; but where the soil is apt to lodge wet there should not be any 
planted therein before February. 
Plantations of fruit tree stocks, for grafting and budding upon, 
may be made at any time 6f this month, if mild open weather. 
Many of those raised from seed, &c., last spring, or the year before, 
will be fit for this, digging them up out of the seed-bed, &c., with 
their full roots, and let them be planted in nursery-rows, three or 
four feet asunder, and fifteen or eighteen inches distant from each 
other in the rows; and when they have attained one or two years' 
growth in these rows, will be proper for budding and grafting. — 
See the Nursery in October for the method of planting; that of 
March for grafting, and July and August for budding. 
You may still make layers in open weather of many sorts of 
deciduous trees and shrubs that you desire to increase. 
This work of laying down the branches of shrubs and trees to 
propagate them, is very easily performed; and there are a great 
many kinds of trees and shrubs to be increased by this operation, 
in the manner following. 
In the first place it must be remarked, that the young branches 
that were produced last summer, are the most proper parts to be 
layed; for these will put out roots more freely than the branches 
that are a year or two older. Observing farther, that many of the 
shrub kinds branching out near the earth, aftbrd an opportunity of 
laying them with great facility, but such as run up with tall stems, 
and those of the tree kinds, require that some strong young plants. 
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