X12 THE KITCHEN GARDEN. [Feb. 
for general use in kitchen gardens, especially in such parts of the 
garden where wheel-barrows are obliged to come often, which 
would cut and greatly deface them; besides, they are apt to be 
wet and disagreeable in all wet weather and in winter; but if any 
are intended for summer's walking, they should be only in some 
dry part of the garden, and never let them be general, for besides 
the aforementioned inconveniences, they are apt to harbour slugs 
and other crawling vermin, to the detriment of the adjacent crops. 
The espaliers should be planted in one range round each main 
quarter, about four to five or six feet from the outer edge of the 
border, in proportion to its width, and from about fifteen to twenty 
feet asunder, according to the sorts of fruit trees you plant. 
Within the espaliersin the quarters, you may plant some standard 
and fruit trees of the choicer sorts, at fifty feet or more distance 
each way, especially the large growing standards, that they may 
not shade the ground too much. 
Likewise in the quarters may be planted the small kinds of fruit- 
shrubs, as gooseberries, currants, and raspberries in cross rows, 
so as to divide the quarters into breaks of twenty or thirty feet wide, 
or more; others in a single range along near the outward edges, 
or some in continued plantations, placing the bushes nine feet 
asunder in each row, and if kept somewhat fan-spreading the way 
of the rows, they will not encumber the ground and will bear very 
plentiful crops of large fruit; besides, between these rows you can 
have various early and late crops of vegetables. 
In many places, however, as formerly noticed, there is but a 
small compass of ground, or so limited as to be obliged to have the 
kitchen, fruit, and pleasure-gardens, all in one, or at least often all 
within the same general inclosure, in which case, if any distinct 
part of the ground is required for ornament, a portion of it next the 
house may be laid out in a lawn or grass-plat, bounded with a 
shrubbery, beyond which have the kitchen ground, separating it 
also from the other with shrubbery compartments: the kitchen 
garden may also be laid out with ornamental w^alks and borders, 
having a broad border all round, and next this, a walk from five or 
six to eight feet wide, carried all round the garden, in proportion 
to its size, and if the ground is of some considerable width, may 
have one of similar dimensions extended directly through the 
middle; and next the walks have a border of four or five to six or 
seven feet wide, carried round the quarters or principal divisions, 
which border, if raised a little sloping, from the front to the back 
part, will appear better than if quite flat; planting a range of 
espalier fruit trees along towards the back edge of the border, so 
as immediately to surround the quarters, allotting the outsides of 
the borders for small esculents or flowers, and small flowering 
shrubs, having the edges planted with box, &c., or some with 
strawberries and other edging-plants, and the walks neatly laid 
with gravel or other materials before mentioned; the inside, 
within the espaliers, to be the kitchen ground, dividing it, if 
thought necessary, by rows of gooseberry, currant, and raspberry 
plants. 
