126 THE KITCHEN GARDEN. [Feb. 
feet six inches in front: to be about two feet ten inches below the 
surface; the wall to be from one foot to eighteen inches thick. In 
these frames you can raise any kind of vegetables that are wanted 
early; or small flowers, such as roses, carnations, stock-gilly, 
wall flowers, mignonette, heliotrope, nerembergias, pseonies, or 
any low growing plants that you wish to bloom at an early season. 
By placing the pots at the back side, they will not interfere with 
cauliflowers, melons, or any other plants raised in a hot-bed, while 
they are small. In making the hot-bed, observe the directions in 
January, page IS, except that by having the bed below the surface 
you can use a foot or eighteen inches of old leaves or tan in the 
bottom; and then finish oft" as directed for cucumbers and melons. 
Plant the cauliflowers about two feet distant every Vay; and 
between the cauliflowers you may plant lettuce and sow radish 
or turnip seed; white turnip is the best for this purpose: these 
will be used before the cauliflowers bloom. It will be neces- 
sary to look over the cauliflowers to see if any show flowers 
before they attain their proper size, in which case, pull them up 
and plant others in their place. Those early autumnal sown 
plants which you have in frames, and that you are endeavouring to 
protect with a covering of boards and mats, &c. without the assist- 
ance of glass, should never have powerful sunshine admitted to 
them while in a frozen state; for its sudden action upon these 
tender plants, whilst in that condition, would prove their total 
destruction; therefore admit it only at intervals, when weak, until 
the plants and ground around them are completely thawed. 
The cauliflower plants which were raised from seed sown last 
month, should as soon in this as they may arrive at a sufficient 
size, which is about four or five inches, be transplanted into a new 
moderate hot-bed, which will greatly strengthen and forward their 
growth. 
Make the bed two feet and a half high and put a frame on, lay on 
six inches deep of rich earth, when this is warm prick the plants 
therein two or three inches apart, and give them a little water; as 
soon as they have taken i-oot give them plenty of air; and in mild 
warm days take the glasses totally off, but let them be carefully 
covered every night and the glasses only raised a little behind in 
cold weather. 
Plants thus treated will become strong and well rooted, bear 
transplanting much better than if left in the seed-bed, and produce 
larger and better heads; for, by transplanting, the tap roots are 
checked, and the plants push a number of lateral roots, which afford 
them nourishment and strength; they become short-stemmed and 
stout, and consequently more fit for a final and successful trans- 
plantation than if suffered to remain in the seed-bed. 
Were these to be transplanted again,> early in March, into an- 
other bed it would be an additional advantage; it is by the neglect 
of this necessary treatment that we have so few good flowers, for 
the plants, when continued in the seed-bed till finally transplanted, 
become long and spindling, tender and unfurnished with roots or 
fibres; when planted out, for want of a sufficiency of roots, they are 
