March.] THE FRUIT GARDEN. 221 
Having the ground previously well prepared, open a wide hole 
for every tree about a spade deep, or according to the size of the 
root, and loosen the bottom well. Then prune the roots of the tree, 
that is, cut off bruised or broken parts, and trim the ends a little of 
all the very long straggling roots in general, prune out irregular 
shoots of the head, then place the tree in the hole, break the earth 
well and throw it in equally about the roots, and when all is in 
tread the surface gently round the tree. 
New planted fruit trees should be well secured from the violence 
of the wind| if they are all standards in exposed situations, let 
them be supported with stakes, and if wall trees, &c. with large 
heads, planted against walls and espaliers, fasten their main 
branches thereto. 
iCi"' As the seasons for planting out fruit and other trees differ 
so much in the climates of the United States, and even in the same 
place in different seasons, the only sure guide is to plant all kinds 
of trees as soon as their buds begin to swell, or rather a little 
before. 
Gooseberries and Currants. 
Prune gooseberry and currant bushes, where they are not yet 
done; but let this work be finished the beginning of the month. 
Keep the branches thin and the middle of the trees open and 
clear of wood, so as to admit the sun and air freely, by which 
means the fruit will be large and well tasted. Observe the rules 
exhibited in January, page 32, February, page 137, and also in 
October. 
From the beginning to the middle of this month, is a good time 
to plant gooseberry or currant trees; the former particularly re- 
quire rich ground, plenty of manure, frequent culture about the 
plants, and to be kept on one stem. The best form for a well 
trained standard gooseberry, or currant, is that of a wine glass; if 
you expect good fruit, you must be particular to keep them free 
from suckers. 
Manure and dig the ground between the gooseberry and currant 
trees, which, as they are just advancing in bud, will now be of 
great service, in promoting a plentiful production of large good 
fruit. 
For the best methods of propagating gooseberries and currants, 
see the work of the Nursery for this month. 
Pruning and Planting Raspberries. 
Prune raspberries, when not done before, agreeably to the direc- 
tions given last month, page 138; let this be done as early in the 
month as possible. 
You may now make new plantations of raspberries, where wanted. 
Observe that the young shoots or suckers, which arise every sum- 
mer from the old roots, are to be chosen for this purpose. These 
should be planted in good ground, and in an open situation; if you 
