330 THE KITCHEN GARDEN. [April. 
Caraway. 
The Carum carui, or common caraway, is a biennial plant: it 
produces its seed, which is highly aromatic and grateful to the 
stomach the second year after sowing, and then generally dies. 
It may now be soon on a bed, either broad-cast and raked in, or in 
drills, and covered half an inch deep; when up thin the plants to 
six inches distance, and in the June twelve months following, it 
•will produce its seed. Some of the plants that have not seeded 
abundantly will continue to bear the second season. Young plants 
rise in abundance where the seeds fall when ripe, and these will 
shoot and produce seed the following summer. 
Destroy Weeds. 
Weeds will now begin to appear plentifully from seed in every 
part of the garden. The utmost diligence should be used to destroy 
them, while they are young, before they get the start of the crops, 
especially tov/ards the middle and latter end of the month, when, 
if a forward season, they will be advancing in a rapid growth. 
Pay particular regard, at this time, to your small crops, as onions, 
carrots, parsneps, and the like; weeds grow much quicker than 
they do; and if they are not wed in time, either by small hoeing or 
hand-weeding, such will occasion much labour and trouble to clear 
them, and sometimes totally destroy the crops. 
Take the opportunity of dry weather, and hoe the ground between 
the rows of beans, peas, cabbages, cauliflowers, and other crops 
that stand wide to destroy the weeds. 
A large piece of ground may soon be gone over with a hoe when 
the weeds are small; but when they are permitted to grow large, it 
requires double labour to destroy them. 
Madder. 
The Ruhia tinctorurriy or dyer's madder, being an article of 
much importance in manufactures, &c., ought to command some 
attention in the United States, where it will grow to as good per- 
fection as in any country on earth. It is not wise in a nation to 
be under the necessity of importing articles of considerable con- 
sumption that might be cultivated at home to great advantage; and 
although it does not immediately come within the province of the 
gardener, I cannot let slip the opportunity of giving the best infor- 
mation in my power for bringing it to perfection. 
The plant has a perennial root and an unusual stalk. The root 
is composed of many long, thick, succulent fibres; these are joined 
at' the top in ahead like the roots of asparagus, and strike very 
deep into the ground, being sometimes more than three feet in 
length. From the upper part or head of the root come out many 
side roots, which extend just under the surface of the ground to a 
great distance, whereby it propagates very fast; for these send up 
a great number of shoots, which, if carefully taken off' in spring, 
