466 THE VINEYARD. [Aug 
pect fruit next year; and these bearing principally towards their 
extremities, ought not to be shortened. Lay in the shoots regu- 
larly, not across one another, and let them be well secured, for the 
wind and rain have great power over them on account of their 
broad leaves. 
Budding. 
For the budding necessary to be done in this month, see the 
nursery department. 
THE ORCHARD. 
Such of your standard peach and other trees as are overburthen- 
ed with fruit, and likely to break down, should be supported with 
substantial stakes, to which the pending branches ought to be bound 
by strong hay-bands, taking care to place part thereof between 
each stake and the branch lest the bark should be injured: these 
supports are to be taken away as soon as the fruit are off. Seethe 
article Orchard, in page 441; what is there directed is very appli- 
cable at this time. 
THE VINEYARD. 
Keep your vines in neat, regular order, trained up and tied to 
the poles, and suffer none to trail upon the ground; by this means 
the influence of the sun and free air will be admitted to the fruit, 
which are essentially necessary to its timely maturity. 
You should now be very particular in keeping the ground between 
the vines free from weeds; for at this time a clean surface answers, 
in a great degree, to reflect the sun's heat upon the vines and fruit, 
which will cause them to ripen soon, and acquire an improved rich- 
ness of taste and flavour: and besides, neither the vines nor fruit 
will be so subject to contract mildew, as if the vapours and damps 
were confined round them by weeds, or by their own branches 
laying trailing about. Some of the early sorts of grapes will begin 
to ripen about the end of this month, but the general vintage may 
be expected some time in September, early or late, according to 
the season. 
Continue to divest the main shoots of all young side productions, 
but be careful not to pull off or injure the leaves. Such fruit bear- 
ing branches as were topped, ought to be likewise divested of young 
shoots as they are produced, at least of the greater number. 
