A TABLE, 
[To face page 488. 
Of the progress of Vegetation in Pennsylvania, compared with (hat of some of the famous Wine Countries of Europe; and also exhibiting the results of various Meteorological observations. 
ilT- The variety of Grape-vine particularly noticed herein is the Munier, commonly called Miller's Burgundy. It was cultivated at Spring-Mill, ll! miles in a direct line N W h,, M r .i, •. <■ di.-, j , . . 
country exposure; and, of course, later in every stage of iu /egetative progress than if growing i^ a shSlered and warmersituaUon^ " ^ Ph'ladelph.a, ,n an open 
e « 
Dcg.M. Deg. M. 
50 17 
50 51 
59 20 
36 49 
11 42 
77 33 E 
78 OE 
79 33 E 
93 18 E 
13 27 E 
77 26 E 
155 E 
1787 
1788 
1789 
1790 
1791 
1792 
1793 
1794 
1795 
1796 
1797 
1798 
1799 
1800 
Medium result at 
Spring-Mill. 
At Champagne, 
Lorraiu, 
Paris, and part 
of 
Burgundy. 
Arras, 
Brussels, 
Stockholm, 
GRAPE-VINES. 
WEEP 
Oil BLEED. 
C Planted 
\ the Vines. 
15 March. 
18 do. 
15 do. 
13 do. 
7 do. 
14 do. 
18 do. 
20 do. 
28 do. 
23 do. 
20 do. 
20 March, 
14 May. 
29 April. 
22 do. 
21 do. 
25 May. 
28 April. 
6 May. 
7 do. 
10 do. 
1 do. 
8 do. 
5 do. 
29 April. 
2 May. 
IN FLOWER. 
19 June. 
14 do. 
25 May. 
17 June. 
29 May. 
26 do. 
12 June. 
24 do. 
13 do. 
2 do. 
FRUIT 
FORMED. 
FRUIT 
RIPE. 
March. 16 May. 
16 June. 
6 July. 
1 do. 
18 do. 
2 do. 
19 June. 
19 do. 
7 July. 
20 do. 
5 do. 
27 do. 
6 do. 
30 June. 
4 July. 
10 July. 
3 Sept. 
25 Aug. 
15 do. 
2 Sept. 
16 Aug. 
20 do. 
10 Sept. 
14 do. 
6 do. 
1 do. 
do. 
Aue. 
1"^ 
Deg. 
TS- 
53 6 
51 8 
54 3 
53 8 
54 3 
54 
54 
53 
52 
51 
51 6 
52 
1 Sept. 
1 Oct. 
Guadaloupe, 
Algiers, 
Pondichcrrv, 
> Medium Temperature of the whole year, 48-j*y. 
do. do. 42.,^. 
^ E.xtreme heat, 99/^. E.xtreme of cold, 6.5^^-. 
^ temperature of the whole year, 84^'j^. 
Medium temperature of the whole year, 6.5-^^.. 
do. do. ' 78J,r- 
12 June. 
18 do. 
15 do. 
14 do. 
12 do. 
6 do. 
6 do. 
8 do. 
10 do. 
15 do. 
13 do. 
12 do. 
do. 
do. 
12 June. 
51 8 1 27 June. 
9 July. 
9 do. 
6 do. 
4 do. 
2 do. 
1 do. 
31 June. 
1 July. 
4 do. 
9 do. 
8 do. 
7 do. 
4 July. 
27 July. 
13 July. 
14 do. 
10 do. 
11 do. 
do. 
6 do. 
4 do. 
5 do. 
9 do. 
14 do. 
13 do. 
11 do. 
do. 
do. 
9 July. 
22 July. 
24 do. 
20 do. 
19 do. 
14 do. 
16 do. 
12 do. 
14 do. 
18 do. 
26 do. 
22 do. 
18 do. 
TEMPERATURE OF EACH YEAR. 
do. 
do. 
18 July. 
Pretty dry and very vegetative. 
Moist, variable and cold. 
Variable and tolerably warm. 
Sweet, agreeable and moist. 
Warm and variable. 
Warm and moist. 
Very hot, dry and abundant. 
Variable, moist and warm. 
Moist and warm. 
Variable and cold. 
Variable, cold and moist. 
Moderate, variable and moist. 
Moderate, dry and abundant. 
Agreeably warm, moist, abundant. 
C Variable, moist, tolerably pleasant and vege- 
\ tative. Prevalent wind, W. N. W. 
Cold & moist. Prevalent winds, N.E.& S. W. 
The most intense cold which we have had in Pennsylvania, between tiie first day of January, 1787, and 
the first of February, 1806, according to a regular series of observations made at Spring-Mill, every day 
at sunrise, and at two o'clock in the afternoon, the thermometer in the open air, sufficiently shaded, about 
five feet from the surface of the ground, and out of the way of any extra reflection of the sun's rays, 
occasioned by walls, pavements, &c. happened on the 2nd of February, 1789; the mercury having fallen 
that day, to 17/^^ degrees below zero or of Fahrenheit; and the greatest licat during that period was in 
July, 1793, when the mercury rose to 104^^^ degrees. July is, generally, our hottest month; and our greatest 
degree of heat, on an average of several years, may be estimated at about 99/5. January is, usually, our 
coldest month, in the course of which we may always expect a degree of cold equal to l-i below 0. Attentive observations at the above place, from the beginning of the year 1787 to the end of the year 1800, have 
given as a medium for one year, 4 days of Aurora Borealis, 16 of thunder, 7 of tempestuous weather, 16 of snow, 249 of fair settled weather, and 73 of rain; and the average quantity of water which had fallen 
annually, to be 39 inches, 9 lines, and \^ of a line, English measure. Our atmosphere is generally clear, and seldom so overcast as to obstruct the rays of the sun for four days successively. 
The most intense cold which we experienced in the year 1804 was on the 25th of January, being 14^*,^ below 0; the greatest heat, on the 4th of May and 9th of July, being on each of those days 95 degrees; and 
the medium temperature of the whole year, resulting from observations made on every day thereof, was 55^^. 
In the year 1805, on the 12th and 25th of January, the mercury fell to 2^^ below 0; on the 2nd and 22nd of August it rose to 100 J^; and the medium temperature of the whole year was 57,'^. It is observable 
that the medium heat of each of these two years was much greater than of any year from 1787 to 1800, inclusive. 
In Paris, the greatest summer heat is generally between 92-^5^ and 95 degrees: the most intense cold, between 9^,^ and 5; and the medium heat of the whole year, as established on the result of 70 years observations, 
51 /„. But in the year 1716 the mercury had fallen there to 3/^^ below 0; in the year 1720 it rose to 104, and in 1743 to OO/j. The coldest month at that place is January, and the hottest August. 
At Hoorn, in Holland, in the year 1763, the mercury had fallen to 8 degrees, which is marked on some of the Dutch thermometers as a remarkable degree of cold. 
Ice or snow mixed with kitchen salt, produces a degree of cold equal to zero or of Fahrenheit. The point at which still water begins to freeze is 32, and is consequently called the freezing point. Rivers or 
running waters freeze at 20^'j, cider and vinegar at llf'^, and unadulterated wine at 5 degrees. The medium temperature marked on Botanical thermometers, as best adapted for the Pine-Apple, is 73^*^, for 
Melon-beds OO-J,^, and for an Orangery 57^. 
The constiuit temperature of the cellar of the Observatory at Paris is 54-f'o, which is generally considered to bo the same, in every part of the globe, at the depth of about 400 feet beneath the surface. The most 
salutary temperature of the sick or patient's room, is thought to be 72^^^. The heat of the human blood, in the opinion of the Faculty of Medicine at Paris, is 99^^: on the English thermometers it is marked 98; 
and on several thermometers made in Holland and other places in the north of Europe, 96. Heat of Hen's incubation, IO6J5. Fever heat, 112. Rain or distilled water boils at 212 degrees, when the mercury m 
the barometer stands at 30 inches. 
