Oct.] flower .iJARDEN. 547 
and indeed all kinds of hardj trees and shrubs, whether deciduous 
or evergreen. Let this be performed with a sharp knife, and not 
with garden shears, as sometimes practised. But to avoid repeti- 
tion, 1 refer you for further instructions on this head to page 164. 
All suckers which arise from the roots should now be taken clean 
away, for when suffered to remain they starve the old plants and 
prevent their flowering; many kinds of shrubs, for instance the lilac, 
will send forth great numbers of suckers from their roots, which, if 
not annually taken off', will spread over the ground to the great 
injury of your plants. These suckers, if wanted, may be planted 
in nursery rows for a year or two, and will then answer for renew- 
ing the old or for forming new plantations. 
Forming New Ornamental Plantations, fyc. 
This being a very proper season for laying out and planting plea- 
sure-grounds, I refer you for general information on these subjects 
to page 62, &c., which though given in a month not favourable for 
such work, in the middle or eastern states, I considered it a period 
in which there would be leisure time for contemplating the designs 
and making preparations for the carrying of them into execution 
on the opening of spring. 
All kinds of hardy deciduous trees and shrubs maybe planted as 
soon in this month as they shall have shed their leaves; the ever- 
green kinds may be planted towards the latter end thereof, always, 
but particularly for the latter, making choice of moist or cloudy 
weather, if such should occur in due season. 
In this place I think it proper to remark, that I always have had 
better success in the planting of evergreens in general, when done 
in the spring of the year immediately before their vegetation com- 
menced, than at any other season. 
The early part of next month will be an excellent time to plant 
all kinds of deciduous forest trees and flowering shrubs, &c, that 
shall not have shed their foliage before that time. 
For general directions respecting the best methods of planting 
trees and shrubs of every kind see page 302. 
Propagate Trees and Shrubs. 
Various kinds of trees and shrubs growing in the pleasure-ground, 
borders, &c. may now be propagated by suckers, layers, and cut- 
tings; but having described the methods of doing this in the nursery 
for March, a repetition is unnecessary in this place. 
Planting Box and other Edgings. 
Box edgings may be planted any time this month with good suc- 
cess, if some care be taken to give them shade and water for about 
a month, for the method see page 303. 
Many other kinds may now be planted for edgings, but particu- 
larly those mentioned in page 356, which see. 
