Feb.] THE KITCHEN-GARDEN. m 
family of ten or fifteen persons; but on large estates, and where 
the family is considerable in proportion, and not limited to space of 
ground, three or four acres of Kitchen-garden may be necessary; 
and some very large families have them of six or eight acres 
extent. 
If the produce is intended for sale, the garden must be large in 
proportion to the demand. 
Fences for inclosing the Ground. 
With respect to fences for inclosing the ground, it is most neces- 
sary to have an effectual fence of some sort around the Kitchen- 
garden, both for security of the produce, and to defend tender and 
early crops from cutting winds. 
Previous to fencing the ground, the proper shape or form for the 
garden is to be considered; the most eligible form for a Kitchen- 
garden, is that either of a square, or oblong square; but the figure 
may be varied, as the necessity of the case may require; keeping, 
however, as near as possible, to the square or oblong form, espe- 
cially if the ground is to be fenced with materials for training fruit- 
trees; no other shape answers so well for that purpose; for trial 
having been made of circles, ovals, semi-circles, angles, &c. none 
succeed near so well as the square form. 
Different sorts of fences are used for inclosing this ground, as 
walls, palings, and hedges, &c. 
Sometimes, board fences or palings, are used, both for protection 
and for training fruit-trees to. When such are intended for trees, 
the boarding should be tongued and closely joined, edge to edge, so 
as to form a plane or even surface, for the commodious training the 
branches. 
In gardens where no wall-trees are intended, a hedge, or bank and 
hedge, is a very proper fence; which may be so trained, as to 
form both an effectual fence against men and beasts, also to shelter 
particular parts of the ground for raising early crops: a hawthorn 
hedge is the most proper, though other sorts may be used. 
No fencing, however, for a Kitchen-garden, where intended to 
have wall trees, especially in the more northerly parts of the Union, 
is equal to brick walls, which are considerably stronger, warmer, 
and more durable than paling fences; and their natural warmth, 
together with their reflection of the sun's heat, is the most effectual 
for the growth, and ripening ©f the latest and more delicate kinds 
of fruit. 
Hot-walls for forcing by fire-heat, &c. are often erected in large 
Kitchen-gardens; for an account of which, see page 44. 
Preparing and laying out the Ground. 
The whole ground should be regularly trenched two spades 
deep; observing if the soil is poor, or of" bad quality, and wants 
amendment, either of dung, or any of the materials before men- 
tioned, such must previously be added, and then trenched in betwixt 
