266 THE NURSERY. [March. 
not be covered more than a quarter of an inch deep; they may re- 
main in the seed-bed for two years, if not too thick, and then planted 
into nursery rows; or the largest may be taken up when a year 
old, and planted therein, provided, that they have grown freely. The 
juniper may be raised by cuttings, planted in a shady border, towards 
the latter end of this month. 
Few and Privet Hedges. 
Yew and /irivet make neat garden hedges; they are both raised 
from seeds and cuttings, the latter planted in March, and the seedi 
of each are to be treated as directed for haws, not vegetating the first 
spring after ripening. 
Pyracantha or Evergreen-Thorn Hedges. 
The Mesfiilis Pyracantha, or evergreen-thorn, will make a tole- 
rably good hedge; it is propagated by seed, which will not vegetate 
till the second spring after ripening, and must be treated accord- 
ingly. 
Rose and Sweet-Briar Hedges. 
Wild rosea and sweet-briar are sometimes used for hedges, and 
may either be propagated by suckers, layers, or seeds. The best 
way to cultivate them for hedges is by seed, which must be ga- 
thered in autumn when ripe, and preserved, as directed for haws, 
till the spring following twelve months, and then sown. 
Elder, Willow, and Mder Hedges. 
The elder-tree is sometimes used for hedges, especially when a 
fence is wanted as soon as possible, being of a more speedy growth 
than any other kind commonly used for that purpose, though not 
the most effectual nor beautiful. However, an immediate fence 
may be made of it, by planting large truncheons or cuttings of the 
straightest upright shoots and branches, from two or three, to six 
feet long, planted either upright, a foot asunder, and wattled along 
the top, to preserve them firm and even; or by planting them 
slanting across one another, chequerwise, forming a sort of lattice 
work, which is the most effectual method. In either way of plant- 
ing, do not point and drive them in, as is commonly done, but make 
holes for their reception, twelve or fifteen inches deep, with a crow- 
bar; then insert their ends, and make the earth fast about them: 
when driven down by force, the bark is frequently stripped, which 
in a great measure prevents their rooting freely, and pushing as 
vigorously, as if carefully planted. 
Various kinds of willows are found extremely useful, to plant 
along the sides of watry ditches, brooks, rivulets, or any marshy and 
moist situations; and may be propagated by planting small cuttings, 
or large truncheons, as directed for the elder. Either of these, you 
