516 THE KITCHEN-GARDEN. (Oct. 
well sheltered place. The bed ought to be made entirely on the 
surface of the ground, rather than forming a shallow trench in which 
to make the bottom part, as practised by some; for by the former 
method, it can be spawned quite to the bottom, and the lower 
part will not be chilled by standing water in cold or wet weather, 
and particularly as the part sunk in the ground may be considered 
as totally useless. 
The width of the bed at bottom should be from three to four feet, 
and any length you please, in proportion to the quantity of mush- 
rooms required, or the quantity of spawn with which you are pro- 
vided. 
Being furnished with a three tined fork, begin to make the bed 
by shaking some of the longest of the prepared dung, evenly all 
along the bottom, four or five inches thick; then take the dung in 
general as it comes and work it into the bed, gradually narrowing it 
upwards, shaking and mixing the dung as you proceed and beating 
it down with the fork layer by layer: proceed in this manner still 
drawing in the sides of the bed till it terminates in a narrow ridge at 
top, so that the bed may be formed like the roof of a house: be 
careful that each end, shall be sloped in like manner as the sides, 
and that all parts is made/w// and^rm by beating it with the fork as 
you proceed, to preserve uniformity and to prevent its settling down 
too much in an unequal manner: it should be full three, or 
three and a half feel perpendicular height when settled. 
When the bed is finished, it should be covered with long straw 
laid on neatly to keep out wet, and also to prevent its drying; in 
this state it is to remain about ten or twelve days, by which time it 
will be in a fit condition to be spawned; but to ascertain the state 
of the bed with the greater certainty, put in a few long sharp pointed 
sticks into several parts thereof, pull out and ieel these occasionally, 
carefully attending to the progress of its fermentation, and when 
you find the heat on the decline, and temperate, that is the time to 
put in the spawn; for a violent heat, as well as too much wet would 
inevitably destroy it. 
The bed being in a proper temperature, the covering of straw 
should be taken off, and the sides made smooth and even; then lay 
all over the bed about an inch thick of light rich earth, not wet. In 
this the spawn is to be planted in rows six inches asunder, along the 
sides and ends, making the first or lowest row, six inches from the 
surface of the ground, and proceeding upwards row by row to the 
top, observing to place the pieces of spawn about six inches asun- 
der, and so far in, as to touch the surface of the dung. This done, 
lay on the top of the ridge, part of the loose or scattered spawn 
and shake some all over the bed; then cover the whole about an 
inch and a half deep with light rich earth, smooth the surface neatly, 
and lay on a light covering of straw as before, just so thick as to 
keep out wet and prevent the bed from drying. 
As you find the bed decrease in heat and the weather grow cold, 
increase the covering to a foot, eighteen inches, two feet, or in se- 
vere frost, to such a thickness as may be effectually sufficient to 
prevent its reaching the bed. 
