564 C N °v. 
THE NURSERY. 
Transplanting. 
All the principal nursery transplanting should be finished as 
early in this month as possible, in order that the plants may have 
time to push out new fibres before the frosts set in; for when plant- 
ed at a late period, they seldom put out fibres before spring, and 
have to live principally on their own substance during winter, which 
greatly .weakens them. However, where that cannot be conveniently 
done, and that necessity requires it, you may continue to transplant 
all kinds of hardy trees and shrubs, while the ground continues 
open. 
Protecting Seedlings and Tender Plants. 
In the early part of the month, you should sift some dry, fresh 
earth, over the seedling pines, arising from the seed sown last 
spring, so as to nearly reach the foliage, in order to protect their yet 
tender stems from the inclemency of the approaching season; and 
immediately on the setting in of hard frost, spread some dry straw, 
fern, leaves of trees, or other light covering, thinly over the beds, to 
afford additional protection and in some measure to prevent the 
frost from entering the ground as deep as it otherwise might: for, 
without the above care, many of the plants would be spewed up by 
the frost, and most of them be destroyed by the dry parching winds 
of the ensuing spring. Observe that the covering must be light, or 
that it be supported above the plants by some means, or a serious 
injury may accrue by its rotting the foliage, &c. 
The top covering is not necessary, except when the winter frosts 
are severe; but sifting earth between and among the plants, so as 
nearly to come up to the leaves, will be of use in every climate and 
country; and not only to pine and fir seedlings, but to every other 
sort that are subject, from their diminutive first year's growth, to be 
thrown out of the earth by frost, or injured by drought. 
Any kinds of seedlings that are rather tender, should have hoop 
arches made over the beds, and on the approach of severe frosts, 
thick mats, &c. laid on these for the protection of the plants. 
All hardy plants in pots should now be removed, to where they can 
have sufficient protection in severe weather; for if left fully exposed 
to the frost, the plants will not only be injured, but the pots burst by 
the expansion of the earth and water. 
Pots containing tolerably large and hardy exotic plants, may be 
plunged to their rims in a warm border, and covered six or eight 
inches deep over their edges, with tanner's bark, leaves of trees, long 
filter, &c. which will considerably preserve the roots of the plants. 
But the more curious kinds of hardy evergreens and other plants in 
pots, should now be removed into the green-house, or into garden 
frames, with glasses and other covering, the more effectually to pro- 
tect them. 
