60 THE NURSERY. [Jak. 
arbor vitse, English and Portugal laurels, &c. placing them in a 
frame, or where they may be defended either with glasses, mats, or 
other covering, in rigorous weather. 
SOUTHERN STATES. 
Dig the ground, if open weather, between the continuing rows 
of young trees and shrubs of all sorts. 
But previous to performing this work, give any necessary prun- 
ing to the shrubs and trees, especially the deciduous kinds; then 
let the ground be digged one spade deep; as you go on, trim off 
any straggling roots of the trees and shrubs; and in digging, give 
every spit a fair turn off the spade, that the weeds on the surface 
may be buried properly. 
Transplanting of young forest and ornamental trees in the nur- 
sery, and where required, may be performed any time this month if 
the weather is open, and the ground not too wet. 
Particularly deciduous forest-trees, &c. of the hardy kinds, may 
be removed any time this month, if mild weather; but this should 
not be generally practised to ever-greens, at this season, especially 
where smart frosts may be expected to follow. 
Prune honey-suckles and roses, and all other kinds of hardy deci- 
duous flowering shrubs that want it, training each with a single 
stem, and trimming their heads as you shall see occasion; that is, 
either to cut out or shorten all straggling shoots in such manner 
as you shall see necessary, to keep their heads somewhat to a regu- 
lar form. 
In open and settled weather you may now transplant, where ne- 
cessary, most sorts of hardy deciduous flowering shrubs, both in the 
nursery order, and for shrubbery plantations, &c. in a dry soil; but 
where the soil is apt to lodge wet, there should not be any planted 
therein before February. 
Plantations of fruit-tree stocks, for grafting and budding upon, 
may be made at any time of this month, if mild open weather. 
Many of those raised from seed, &c. last spring, or the year before, 
will be fit for this, digging them up out of the seed-bed, &c. with 
their full roots, and let them be planted in nursery-rows, three or 
four feet asunder, and fifteen or eighteen inches distant from each 
other in the rows; and when they have attained one, or two year's 
growth, in these rows, will be proper for budding and grafting— See 
the Nursery, in October, for the method of planting; that of March t 
forgrafting, and July and Jugust, for budding. 
You may still make layers in open weather of many sorts of deci- 
duous trees and shrubs that you desire to increase. 
This work of laying down the branches of shrubs and trees, to 
propagate them, is very easily performed; and there are a great 
many kinds of trees and shrubs to be increased by this operation, in 
the manner following. 
In the first place it must be remarked, that the young branches 
that were produced last summer, are the most proper parts to be 
