March.] FLOWER-ttARDEN. 301 
Dig the ground in the clumps or borders if not done in the for- 
mer month, which will prove beneficial; the ground being turned up 
fresh, will appear neat, and the plants will show themselves more 
agreeably. 
Planting deciduous Flowering Shrubs, ornamental and Forest-Trees. 
Where deciduous flowering shrubs, or trees, are wanted in any of 
the pleasure grounds, they may now be planted with good success, 
such as common and Persian lilacs, snow-drop tree, fringe-tree, 
bladder nut, rose-acacia, bladder-senna, angelica-tree, Azalea, ho- 
neysuckles, Calycanthus, New-Jersey tea, Judas-tree, clethra, papaw, 
leather-wood, fern-leaved Comptonia, Amorpha, dog-wood, double 
flowering thorns, cherries and peaches, snowy-medlar, Euonymus 
in sorts, Fothergilla, althea-frutex, Franklinia, Guilandinia, Sassa- 
fras, swamp magnolia, Benjamin-tree, witch-hazel, St. Peter's-wort, 
Diervilla, roses, and all kinds of hardy deciduous shrubs; and also, 
the tulip-tree, lime-tree, poplars of every kind, catalpa, chesnuts of 
every sort, sour and sweet-gum, elms, maples, walnuts, hickories, 
plane-tree, horn-beam, beech, nettle-trees, ash, honey-locust, oaks> 
poplars, &c &c. 
In planting trees for timber, allow them the proper distances for 
the purposes intended: if for close plantations, or by way of cop- 
pices or underwood for gradual thinning and falling for poles and 
other small purposes, every seven, eight, or ten years; you may plant 
them in close rows, only four, five, or six feet distance; and when 
they have attained growths, proper for the first thinning, select the 
handsomest plants at regular distances to stand for timber, and thin 
the rest; but when designed to have the whole to stand for a full 
plantation of large standards before they are thinned, plant them at 
from ten to fifteen or twenty feet distance. 
Directions for planting all sorts of Trees and Shrubs. 
All flowering and ever-green shrubs, ornamental trees, &c. de- 
signed for the shrubbery, and other plantations, should be planted at 
such distances, that they may not crowd each other as they grow 
up; for they always show themselves best when they stand separate 
at moderate distances. Shrubs of all kinds, designed for detached 
clumps particularly, should be planted not less than three, to four 
or five feet asunder; that the different kinds, according to their 
growths, may generally remain distinct; but where athickety growth 
is required in particular compartments, a closer plantation may be 
formed of different common shrubs. 
Let all the tree kinds be allowed proper room, proportionate to 
their respective growths, and according as they are designed for 
open or close plantations, or clumps, groves, avenues, or thick- 
ets, &c. 
In planting shrubs and trees of every kind, let all convenient ex- 
pedition be made in doing it, so that they may be planted as soon 
as possible after they^are taken up, or brought from the nursery, 
or elsewhere; that their roots may not be dried by the sun and 
