584 THE NURSERY. [Oct. 
as to do them any material injury, provided they are placed imme- 
diately in the coldest place possible till winter, and further, that you 
do not break the small radicles when planting them in spring. 
The acorns, if sown or planted at this time, should be laid within 
one inch of one another in drills about two feet apart, and covered 
about an inch deep: here they may remain till they shall have had 
two years' growth, when they must be taken up and planted into 
nursery rows at proper distances, there to acquire a sufficient growth 
and strength for a final transplanting, which will generally be the 
case in about two or three years. 
Chesnuts of every kind, walnuts, and hickory nuts, may be 
planted now, or immediately after being ripe; they have the same 
enemies to encounter as the acorns; but all these kinds will 
keep well till spring in dry sand, or even in bags or boxes, and if 
planted early in that season will vegetate freely. 
But if you find it more convenient to plant the nuts in autumn, 
let that be done, if possible, when they are perfectly ripe, and 
in their outward covers or husks, the extreme bitterness of which 
will be a good preservative against the attacks of vermin of every 
kind. 
When you desire to cultivate the Juglans regia, or European 
walnut, for its fruit, and likewise any of the other species, make 
choice of the best varieties of nuts, such as are large, thin shelled, 
and have the finest flavoured kernels; for although the best sorts 
will vary or degenerate, when raised from seeds, yet by planting the 
most valuable varieties, there will be the better chance of having 
good kinds continued. 
For the method of planting, and the subsequent treatment of ches- 
nuts, walnuts, &c. see page 271. 
Note. When oaks, chesnuts, or walnuts, &c. are planted exclu- 
sively on account of their timber, it will be the better way, when it 
can conveniently be done, to sow or plant the acorns and nuts where 
tney are intended to remain for full and mature growth; for trees of 
either of these kinds, seldom attain to as great magnitude after 
having been transplanted, as if suffered to remain undisturbed where 
the seeds where sown. 
Transplanting Stocks, to Bud and Graft upon. 
About the latter end of this month, you may plant out into nur- 
sery-rows, all the hardy kinds of seedling stocks, to bud and graft 
the different varieties of fruits upon. 
Let these be planted out in rows three feet asunder, and one foot 
or more distant from one another in the rows. 
Plant also for the purpose of stocks, suckers from the roots of 
plums, codlins, pears, quinces, &c. but seedlings are much more 
preferable if you are sufficiently supplied therewith. 
Transplant likewise from nursery beds, and layer-stools, all the 
well rooted cuttings and layers that were planted or layed a year 
ago, or in the last spring, for the purpose of raising stocks for 
fruit-trees; particularly quinces and codlins, to bud and graft dwarf 
