580 THE NURSERY. [Dec. 
orchards, and plough such of them as you intend to lay down with 
clover, or grass of any kind, or to raise crops of grain or potatoes 
in. You may likewise continue to plant and prune all manner of 
hardy fruit-trees, but particularly those mentioned in the Fruit-Gar- 
den for this month. Here I would recommend to your attention, the 
perusal of the article Orchard in January, page 45, February, page 
HI, and March, page 224. 
THE VINEYARD. 
In the middle and eastern states, little remains to be done in the 
vineyard at this season; indeed it sometimes happens in the former, 
that the ground is open in the beginning of the month, in which 
case you may plough between the young vines and earth them up, 
as directed in November, if then omitted. It will be of considerable 
use to lay some litter round the roots, and a little way up the stems 
of such tender kinds as were planted in the preceding spring and 
autumn, to protect them from very severe frost, till they are once 
fully established. For further particulars of what may be done in 
this month, in and for the vineyard, as well as in the ensuing, see 
page 48. 
In the southern states you may now prune vines, as directed in 
February; and south of the thirty-fifth degree of latitude, vineyards 
may be planted agreeably to the instructions given in March. 
THE NURSERY. 
New Planted Trees. 
Continue the care of "the more curious and tender sorts of 
new-planted trees and shrubs; where there was no litter laid be- 
tween the rows in November, let it be no longer neglected, and 
bring it up close to their stems the better to protect all the roots 
from frost, should the winter prove so severe as to destroy their tops, 
which may also be protected as directed in page 588. The roots and 
lower parts of their stems being thus preserved, they will generally 
shoot out freely in the ensuing spring, from near the surface of the 
ground. 
Seedlinz; Trees. 
Seedlings which make but slow progress in growth the first 
year, such as pines, &c. must now be taken due care of, as directed 
in page 564. 
