Feb.] the KITCHEN-GARDEN. 113 
This place, if not so situated as to be sheltered by the walls, or 
other fences of the garden, it will be of much advantage to inclose 
it with a close fence of some kind, serving both to break off" the winds, 
and by having a door to lock, will preserve your crops more secure; 
these fences may be six or seven feet high in the back or north side, 
with both the side fences sloping gradually to about five feel height 
in front; which should always be lowest to admit the sun freely 
With regard to the borders and walks of this garden, the outer 
borders adjoining the walks should be neatly formed, the edges 
made firm and straight, and the walk gravelled, or laid with other 
dry materials. 
The edges of the borders in small gardens are frequently plant- 
ed with box, Sec. especially in gardens where the Kitchen and plea- 
sure-ground are all in one; sometimes, part are edged with un- 
dershrubby aromatic herbs, as thyme, savory, hyssop, and the 
like; but unless these are kept low and neat, they appear unsight- 
ly; some, however, use no planted edgings at all in Kitchen-gar- 
dens, only have the edge of the border made up even, treading it 
firm that it may stand, then cut it straight by line; sometimes along 
the top of this edging is planted a row of strawberries, a foot or fif- 
teen inches asunder; they will bear plentifully and have a good ef- 
fect; observing to string them several times in summer, to preserve 
them neat and within due compass. 
Sometimes grass-walks are used; but these are rather improper 
for general use in Kitchen-gardens, especially in such parts of the 
garden where wheel-barrows are obliged to come often, which 
would cut and greatly deface them; besides, they are apt to be wet 
and disagreeable in all wet weather, and in winter; but if any are 
intended for summer's walking, they should be only in some dry 
part of the garden; and never let them be general; for, besides the 
aforementioned inconveniences, they are apt to harbour slugs and 
other crawling vermin, to the detriment of the adjacent crops. 
The espaliers should be planted in one range round each main 
quarter, about four to five or six feet from the outer edge of the 
border, in proportion to its width, and from about fifteen to twenty 
feet asunder, according to the sorts of fruit-trees you plant. 
Within the espaliers in the qua.rters, you may plant some standard 
and fruit-trees, of the ciioicer sorts, at fifty feet or more distance 
each way, especially the large- growing standards, that they may not 
shade the ground too much. 
Likewise in the quarters may be planted the small kinds of fruit- 
shrubs, as gooseberries, currants, and raspberries, in cross rows, 
so as to divide the quarters into breaks of twenty or thirty feet wide, 
or more; others in a single range along near the outward edges, 
or some in continued plantations; placing the bushes nine feet 
asunder in each row; and if kept somewhat fan-spreading the way 
of the rows, they will not incumber the ground, and will bear very 
plentiful crops of large fruit; besides, between these rows you can 
have various early and late crops of vegetables. 
In many places, however, as formerly noticed, there is but a 
small compass of ground, or so limited as to be obliged to have the 
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