im THE KITCHEN-GARDEN. [Feb. 
But for some particular crops, ground which has been well ma- 
nured the year before, will be more eligible, than if immediately 
fresh dunged the same year; such as for some of the long fusiform- 
rooted kinds, as carrots and parsneps, &c. unless the dung is per- 
fectly rotted, mellow and mouldy, that these long roots can readily 
make their way straight through in their perpendicular, downward 
growth; for when the dung manure is rank or lumpy, it is very 
apt to impede the young descending radicle, and occasion the 
main root to fork or grow crooked; more especially the carrots, 
which also in some fresh-dui ged ground, ai'e sometimes apt to 
canker. 
All manuring should generally be performed in winter or spring, 
to be dug in at the general annual digging; taking opportunity of 
frosty, or very dry weather, to wheel in the dung for the principal 
manuring; as it may then be performed more easy and clean without 
clogging or spoiling the walks, or tearing up the ground; laying 
it in heaps by burrow-fulls at equal distances; afterwards spread it 
evenly, and dig it in one spade deep, or more. 
In regard to cropping the ground, the proper situation for, and 
method of raising the different plants, is fully explained in the dif- 
ferent months under their respective heads; I will therefore only 
hint here, tiiat it is eligible to allot the driest, warmest, and most 
sunny situation, for the early crops, and the other parts for the main 
crops. 
The south borders are proper for raising the earliest plants, as 
early peas, beans, radishes, spinach, lettuce, carrots, snaall sallad- 
herbs, kidney-beans, Sec. the east and west borders for succession 
of early crops; and the north borders, which being shady and cool, 
serve for raising and prickmg out many small plants, slips and 
cuttings in summer; though all these borders, in every exposure, 
may be made useful at all seasons. The borders next the espaliers 
are proper for crops of small plants at all seasons of the year as 
lettuce, endive, spinach, small sallad-herbs, strawberries, and seve- 
ral others, both to stand, and for transplantation, according to the 
mode of culture of the different sorts; and by keeping all the bor- 
ders constantly well furnished with various esculents, disposed ac- 
cording to their different growths, they, besides their usefulness, 
effect a delightful variety. 
In the internal parts, called the quarters should always be raised 
the larger principal crops, such as cabbages, cauliflowers, broccoli, 
coleworts, peas, beans, kidney-beans, onions, leeks, carrots, pars- 
neps, beets, potatoes, turneps, artichokes, celery, general crops of 
lettuce, spinach, horse-radish, 8cc. 
As many of the esculent plants succeed best in rows, such as 
peas, beans, cauliflowers, and all the cabbage kinds, transplanted 
lettuces, endive, potatoes, artichokes, Jerusalem artichokes, celery, 
and some others, particular regard is requisite, that the rows are 
at proper distances for the plants to have full scope to grow, and 
would advise that all the tall-growing sorts, sown in drills, such as 
peas, beans, kidney-beans. Sec. for early crops, have their rows 
ranging north and south, if possible, that the sun may shine on 
