June.] THE NURSERY. 413 
The beds of small young tender seedlings, should now be shaded 
from the mid-day sun, puriicularly the pines, firs, and other ever- 
greens in general; and also, the more delicate and rare deciduous 
trees, siirubs, and herbaceous plants. They, however, must not be 
kept close nor shadtd loo long a time, for that would draw them up 
wcctk and tender; therefore, give but a slight shadins:; Irom about 
ten to four or five o'clock, and that only, when the sun is powerful 
and no clouds interrupt its rays. 
The more choice soits of new planted trees, that is, such as were 
planted late in the sprmg, should have occasional waterings; and 
ob-eive to renew the mulch about their roots, where it is decayed, 
for at this season, the moisture of the earth will be soon exhaled, 
and the young fibres dried up when this is neglected; besides, it 
will save much trouble in watering. 
The seedling-beds of all kinds of trees and shrubs, but more espe- 
cially the evergreens, will require frequent vvaterings in dry wea- 
ther; let it always be given late in the afternoon, frequently and 
moderately, as observed in page 388. 
Transplanting Seedling Pines and Firs. 
It has been advised by some writers on gardening, of considerable 
celebrity, to' plant out in this month pif.es and firs, &c. from the 
seed-beds; and asserted, " that they woiild be much stronger and 
better prepared to live through the winter, by this treatment, than 
if suffered to remain in the seed-beds; as their roots would be fixed 
in the ground and their stems shorter " The reverse of this, I 
have experienced in upwards of twenty years' practice, and there- 
fore, have here noticed it, least my readers should be led astray by 
such respectal)le authorities. The true method of treating these 
and such plants is, frequently during the summer months, as they 
advance in growth, to sill some loose earth over them, in the seed- 
beds, till it comes up to the seed leaves; by which the stems are 
protected, and as it were, shortened without disturbing their roots 
or checking their growth; and besides, it tends to keep the moisture 
confined to the earth, by preventing its too sudden evaporation, and 
the loose sifted mould, attracts the dews and imbibes the rains, 
when such fall, by which means the plants are kept cool, moist, and 
in a constant growing state. 
Propagating Evergreens'^ and other Trees and Shrubs by Layers. 
Most kinds of evergreens and deciduous trees and shrubs, may 
now be propagated by laying the present year's shoots; being soft 
and tender, they will emit roots much more freely than the older 
wood; and several sorts that would not root for two years if laid in 
spring or autumn, by this method, will be well rooted the autumn 
twelve months after laying, and many kinds before the ensuing 
winter. Virgin's Bower, Passion-flowers, Trumpet-flowers, com- 
mon Jasmine, and most of the climbing plants, root immediately, 
when laid in this way. For the various methods of performing this 
operation, see page 289, 
