July.] THE NURSERY. 443 
the two cuts, in order to make room for the flat part of the haft to 
enter and raise the bark. 
This done, proceed with all expedition, to take off a bud, having 
immediately previous to the commencement, cut off all the leaves, 
leaving about an inch of the footstalk to each bud, and holding the 
cutting in one hand, with the thickest end outward; then enter the 
knife about half an inch, or rather more, below a bud, cutting nearly 
half way into the wood of the shoot, continuing it with one clean 
slanting cut about as much more above the bud, so deep as to take 
off part of the wood along with it, the whole from an inch and a 
quarter to an inch and a half long; directly take out the woody part 
remaining in the bud, which is easily done by placing the point of 
the knife between the bark and wood, at either end, but the upper 
is the more preferable, and with the assistance of the thumb, pull 
off the wood from the bark, which ought, if in good condition, to 
part freely; then quickly examine the inside, to see if the root of 
the bud be left, and if there appears a small hole, the rudiment of 
the young tree is gone with the wood, the bud is rendered useless, 
and another must be prepared; but if there be no hole, the bud is 
good; then place the footstalk or back part of the bud between your 
lips, and with the flat haft of the knife, separate the bark from the 
stock on each side of the perpendicular cut, clear to the wood, for 
the admission of the bud, which, directly slip down close between 
the wood and bark, till the whole is inserted to within the eighth of 
an inch; let this part be cut through, into the first transverse inci- 
sion made in the stock, and the bud will fall neatly into its pkice, then 
draw the bud up gently so as to join the upper or cut end of it, to 
the bark of the stock, where it will most generally first unite. 
Let the parts be then bound with a ligature of bass, previously 
immersed in water to render it pliable and tough, or in want of 
this, with woollen yarn; beginning below the bottom of the perpen- 
dicular slit, and proceeding upwards close round every part, except 
over the eye or bud, which is to be carefully preserved, and con- 
tinue it a little above the horizontal cut, not binding it too tight 
but just sufiicient to keep the parts close, exclude the air, sun, and 
wet, and thereby to promote the junction of the stock and bud; 
finish by making the ligature fast. 
2. Although it is universally recommended, by every author who 
has written on the art of Gardening, to take the woody part out of 
the bud, before its insertion into the stock, as above directed, I find 
such practice by no means necessary; for if the bud be taken off 
with a less portion of wood than in the former method, and imme- 
diately inserted as above directed, it will succeed full as well, if not 
better, and as to expedition, there is no comparison; certainly 
double the number can be inserted, in the same period of time, by 
this method, as by the former. It will be found particularly con- 
venient for the budding of lemons and oranges, and may, also, be 
practised at periods in which the first method would be totally un- 
successful, that is, when the buds are not sufficiently ripe to exist 
without the young wood, or too much so, for the bark to separate 
freely. This method may be practised, when desired, ^t a much 
